Disease relevance of Cinchona

• Drug chemistry, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of drug action and resistance, and toxicities are outlined for the cinchona alkaloids (quinine and quinidine), chloroquine, amodiaquine, pyrimethamine, the sulphonamides, pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine, mefloquine, pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine/mefloquine, the sesquiterpene lactones, primaquine, and other drugs [1].
• Severe thrombocytopenia with haemorrhagic manifestations was reported following exposure to gold salts, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamide antibiotics, cinchona alkaloids and vaccines [2].

High impact information on Cinchona

• The Mannich Reaction of Malonates with Simple Imines Catalyzed by Bifunctional Cinchona Alkaloids: Enantioselective Synthesis of beta-Amino Acids [3].
• Asymmetric Mannich reactions of beta-keto esters with acyl imines catalyzed by cinchona alkaloids [4].
• Cinchona alkaloid/sulfinyl chloride combinations: enantioselective sulfinylating agents of alcohols [5].
• Chiral cinchona alkaloid derivatives work best when paired with Lewis acids based on Al(III), Zn(II), Sc(III), and, most notably, In(III) [6].
• Origins of enantioselectivity in reductions of ketones on cinchona alkaloid modified platinum [7].

Biological context of Cinchona

• In this paper, we describe the use of 6'-OH-modified cinchona alkaloids that are accessible from either quinine or quinidine for the development of a highly enantioselective amination of alpha,alpha-disubstituted carbonyl compounds that is suitable for the creation of nitrogen-substituted quaternary stereocenters in either the R or S configuration [8].
• This work contains results obtained on the hydrogenation of 1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate esters and sodium salt over cinchona alkaloid-modified alumina-supported Pd catalyst [9].
• Biotransformation of n-hexadecane by cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita [10].

Anatomical context of Cinchona

• This manuscript evaluates the phytotoxicity and biotransformation of n-hexadecane as well as peroxidase activity and cytochrome P450 concentration in microsomes for cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita [10].

Associations of Cinchona with chemical compounds

• Optically active (S)-alpha-amino acids are prepared in 54-95% ee (12 cases) by reaction of the Schiff base acetate of glycine tert-butyl ester with B-alkyl-9-BBN derivatives in the presence of the Cinchona alkaloid, cinchonidine, and base [11].
• The zwitterionic adduct between a cinchona alkaloid and ketone is adsorbed on Pt through the quinoline ring and two heteroatoms and is subsequently reduced with inversion [7].
• Elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanism of cinchona alkaloid carbamate-type receptors for 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl amino acids [12].
• Highly enantioselective conjugate addition of malonate and beta-ketoester to nitroalkenes: asymmetric C-C bond formation with new bifunctional organic catalysts based on cinchona alkaloids [13].
• Asymmetric synthesis of alpha-amino acids via cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed kinetic resolution of urethane-protected alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides [14].

Gene context of Cinchona

• The Cinchona alkaloid derived chiral ammonium salt developed by Park and Jew functions as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of beta-hydroxy alpha-amino acids via asymmetric aldol reactions under homogeneous conditions [15].
• [reaction: see text] Acid chlorides and aromatic aldehydes react in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of a tertiary amine and catalytic amounts of a cinchona alkaloid derivative and a Lewis acid to produce beta-lactones in high diastereo- and enantioselectivity [16].
• Optosensor for cinchona alkaloids with C18 silica gel as a substrate [17].
• Direct STM investigation of cinchona alkaloid adsorption on Cu(III) [18].
• Heterogeneous asymmetric reactions. Part 24. Heterogeneous catalytic enantioselective hydrogenation of the C==N group over cinchona alkaloid modified palladium catalyst [9].

References