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MeSH Review

Dioscorea

 
 
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Disease relevance of Dioscorea

  • Gene Y encodes a polypeptide with striking similarities to the family of holin proteins exemplified by gpS of phage lambda, and the Yam mutant displayed the expected properties of a holin mutant [1].
  • The first fatal case of Yam bean and Rotenone toxicity in Thailand was studied at Forensic Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand. A Chinese Taiwan man, 59 years old, was found dead after Yam bean ingestion [2].
 

High impact information on Dioscorea

  • DB4 was a chitinase, homologous to an acidic chitinase from Dioscorea japonica [3].
  • They showed a sequence homology to dioscorin B and dioscorin A from Dioscorea alata, with 90 and 93% identity, respectively, and to carbonic anhydrase from Arabidopsis thaliana with about 45% identity [3].
  • The complete amino acid sequence of yam (Dioscorea japonica) chitinase. A newly identified acidic class I chitinase [4].
  • Administration of bacterial endotoxin to rats exposed to greater than 95% O2 results in increased lung superoxide dismutase activity, decreased O2-induced lung damage, and a 3- to 4-fold improvement in survival rate (Frank, L., Yam, J., and Roberts, R. J. (1978) J. Clin. Invest, 61, 269-275) [5].
  • To study the origin and maintenance mechanisms of the PGI allozyme polymorphism of a wild plant, Dioscorea tokoro, DNA sequences of the entire coding region (1701 bp) and two intronic regions (total 2049 bp) of the Pgi gene as well as a part of the Adh gene (590 bp) were analyzed [6].
 

Biological context of Dioscorea

  • The aglycon form of the steroidal sapogenin furost -5-ene-3 beta, 22,26-triol, 3 beta- chacotrioside 26 beta-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from cell suspension cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea and its molecular structure was determined by mass spectrometry and 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy [7].
  • Diosgenyl alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1--2)-[beta-glucopyranosyl-(1--3)]- beta-D-glucopyranoside (gracillin), a monodesmosidic saponin isolated from paris, dioscorea, and costacea species with promising cardiovascular and antitumor activities, was synthesized by stepwise glycosylation [8].
  • In this study, the protective effect of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) rhizome extract on calf thymus DNA and plasmid DNA strand breakage by the copper-driven Fenton reaction and X-irradiation was examined [9].
  • Protective effect of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) extract on the copper-driven fenton reaction and X-ray induced DNA damage in vitro [9].
  • We investigated whether a plant chitinase can be used as a biocontrol agent instead of chemical fungicides by spraying chitinase E (family 19; class IV) from a yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) alone or together with beta-1,3-glucanase directly onto the surface of a powdery mildew infecting strawberry berries and leaves [10].
 

Associations of Dioscorea with chemical compounds

  • Isolation and characterization of an intermediate steroid metabolite in diosgenin biosynthesis in suspension cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea cells [7].
  • Dioscorealides and dioscoreanone, novel cytotoxic naphthofuranoxepins, and 1,4-phenanthraquinone from Dioscorea membranacea Pierre [11].
  • Dioscoretine: the hypoglycemic principle of Dioscorea dumetorum [12].
  • By activity-guided fractionation, three known steroidal saponins, prosapogenin A of dioscin, dioscin and gracillin, were isolated from the total saponin fraction of Dioscorea coiletti var. hypoglauca as active compounds causing morphological abnormality of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia [13].
  • One of the plant components we identified from the screening was dioscorin, the glycoprotein isolated from Dioscorea alata [14].
 

Gene context of Dioscorea

  • Rapid isolation of promoter sequences by TAIL-PCR: the 5'-flanking regions of Pal and Pgi genes from yams (Dioscorea) [15].
  • The yam (Dioscorea batatas Decne) tuber mucilage (YTM) was extracted and partially purified by SDS and heating treatments [16].
  • To clarify the characteristics of the epitopes, we examined the interaction of four anti-Baka sera (Yam, Lin, Kl and MO) with their epitopes, either with or without modifications by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and/or neuraminidase [17].
  • Antioxidant activity of dioscorea and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in older humans [18].
  • Dioscorin, the major tuber storage protein of yam (Dioscorea batatas decne) with carbonic anhydrase and trypsin inhibitor activities [19].

References

  1. Functions involved in bacteriophage P2-induced host cell lysis and identification of a new tail gene. Ziermann, R., Bartlett, B., Calendar, R., Christie, G.E. J. Bacteriol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  2. The first fatal case of yam bean and rotenone toxicity in Thailand. Narongchai, P., Narongchai, S., Thampituk, S. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Characterization of the yam tuber storage proteins from Dioscorea batatas exhibiting unique lectin activities. Gaidamashvili, M., Ohizumi, Y., Iijima, S., Takayama, T., Ogawa, T., Muramoto, K. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. The complete amino acid sequence of yam (Dioscorea japonica) chitinase. A newly identified acidic class I chitinase. Araki, T., Funatsu, J., Kuramoto, M., Konno, H., Torikata, T. J. Biol. Chem. (1992) [Pubmed]
  5. The effect of bacterial endotoxin on synthesis of (Cu,Zn)superoxide dismutase in lungs of oxygen-exposed rats. Hass, M.A., Frank, L., Massaro, D. J. Biol. Chem. (1982) [Pubmed]
  6. DNA polymorphism at the Pgi locus of a wild yam, Dioscorea tokoro. Terauchi, R., Terachi, T., Miyashita, N.T. Genetics (1997) [Pubmed]
  7. Isolation and characterization of an intermediate steroid metabolite in diosgenin biosynthesis in suspension cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea cells. Tal, B., Tamir, I., Rokem, J.S., Goldberg, I. Biochem. J. (1984) [Pubmed]
  8. Synthesis of diosgenyl alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)- [beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (gracillin) and related saponins. Li, C., Yu, B., Liu, M., Hui, Y. Carbohydr. Res. (1998) [Pubmed]
  9. Protective effect of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) extract on the copper-driven fenton reaction and X-ray induced DNA damage in vitro. Wang, T.S., Liang, S.J., Lii, C.K., Liu, S.Y. Phytotherapy research : PTR. (2004) [Pubmed]
  10. Plant chitinase as a possible biocontrol agent for use instead of chemical fungicides. Karasuda, S., Tanaka, S., Kajihara, H., Yamamoto, Y., Koga, D. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  11. Dioscorealides and dioscoreanone, novel cytotoxic naphthofuranoxepins, and 1,4-phenanthraquinone from Dioscorea membranacea Pierre. Itharat, A., Plubrukarn, A., Kongsaeree, P., Bui, T., Keawpradub, N., Houghton, P.J. Org. Lett. (2003) [Pubmed]
  12. Dioscoretine: the hypoglycemic principle of Dioscorea dumetorum. Iwu, M.M., Okunji, C.O., Akah, P., Tempesta, M.S., Corley, D. Planta Med. (1990) [Pubmed]
  13. Antineoplastic agents; I. Three spirostanol glycosides from rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca. Hu, K., Dong, A., Yao, X., Kobayashi, H., Iwasaki, S. Planta Med. (1996) [Pubmed]
  14. Dioscorin isolated from Dioscorea alata activates TLR4-signaling pathways and induces cytokine expression in macrophages. Fu, S.L., Hsu, Y.H., Lee, P.Y., Hou, W.C., Hung, L.C., Lin, C.H., Chen, C.M., Huang, Y.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2006) [Pubmed]
  15. Rapid isolation of promoter sequences by TAIL-PCR: the 5'-flanking regions of Pal and Pgi genes from yams (Dioscorea). Terauchi, R., Kahl, G. Mol. Gen. Genet. (2000) [Pubmed]
  16. Yam (Dioscorea batatas) tuber mucilage exhibited antioxidant activities in vitro. Hou, W.C., Hsu, F.L., Lee, M.H. Planta Med. (2002) [Pubmed]
  17. Demonstration of the heterogeneity of epitopes of the platelet-specific alloantigen, Baka. Take, H., Tomiyama, Y., Shibata, Y., Furubayashi, T., Honda, S., Mizutani, H., Nishiura, T., Tsubakio, T., Kurata, Y., Yonezawa, T. Br. J. Haematol. (1990) [Pubmed]
  18. Antioxidant activity of dioscorea and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in older humans. Araghiniknam, M., Chung, S., Nelson-White, T., Eskelson, C., Watson, R.R. Life Sci. (1996) [Pubmed]
  19. Dioscorin, the major tuber storage protein of yam (Dioscorea batatas decne) with carbonic anhydrase and trypsin inhibitor activities. Hou, W.C., Liu, J.S., Chen, H.J., Chen, T.E., Chang, C.F., Lin, Y.H. J. Agric. Food Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
 
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