Disease relevance of Confined Spaces

• The acute toxicity of 2-nitropropane has not been widely appreciated despite previous reports of death due to hepatic failure after exposure to the compound in confined spaces [1].
• In the first incident, mixing acid- and sodium hydroxide-based drain cleaners in a confined space resulted in 4 poisonings and 2 deaths [2].
• Methamphetamine (MA) toxicity in aggregated mice was studied by varying the number of mice and the proportion of MA treated mice kept in the same confined space [3].

High impact information on Confined Spaces

• Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) plays a key part in agonist-induced Ca2+ release, which can take place abruptly and in a confined space by a mechanism that is not fully understood [4].
• Two construction workers became ill after applying an epoxy resin coating containing 2-nitropropane in the confined space of an underground concrete vault [1].
• Tenosynovial thickening within the confined space of the carpal tunnel is thought to be the cause of the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) [5].
• The methodology can be used for mapping ligand-receptor interactions in various systems, for example, in ion channels and G-protein-coupled receptors that bind elongated ligands in confined space between transmembrane helices [6].
• Rigid-rod beta-barrels as lipocalin models: probing confined space by carotenoid encapsulation [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Confined Spaces

• Accidental poisonings involving carbon monoxide, heating systems, and confined spaces [8].

Biological context of Confined Spaces

• Inhalation is much less important but increases when pyrethroids are used in confined spaces [9].
• CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate that minimal CO2 levels have significant influences on pulmonary ventilation during rest and exercise and must be considered in acute studies in confined spaces such as space cabins [10].

Associations of Confined Spaces with chemical compounds

• Conformational behavior of dodecyldiamine inside the confined space of montmorillonites [11].
• Latex bead transport by structured flow has also been demonstrated to occur in confined spaces in the form of Teflon tubing down to 200 microns in diameter and at angles in the range of 45-90 degrees to the horizontal axis [12].
• The release of titanium hydroxide and OH(-) ions from the titanium surfaces and their accumulation inside the confined space between the two contact surfaces were suggested to be responsible for the apatite deposition [13].
• Injuries after use of the lacrimatory agent chloroacetophenone in a confined space [14].
• CASE REPORT: A 27-year-old man, employed by a synthetic fiber company, had been exposed to dimethylacetamide, ethylenediamine, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a confined space continuously for 4-6 hours per day for 3 days before admission [15].

Gene context of Confined Spaces

• Here, confined space synthesis was adopted to prepare nanosized ZSM-5, zeolite Beta, zeolite X, and zeolite A with tailored crystal size distributions using mesoporous carbon blacks as inert matrices [16].
• Confined space monitoring: is a PID sensor really necessary [17]?
• Understanding and measuring powered wheelchair mobility and manoeuvrability. Part I. Reach in confined spaces [18].

References