Disease relevance of ETOFENAMATE

• Contact dermatitis from etofenamate [1].
• Allergic dermatitis from etofenamate [2].
• Allergic contact dermatitis from etofenamate: report of 9 cases [3].
• Contact urticaria to etofenamate [4].
• 17 individuals (4.6%) exhibited delayed hypersensitivity to one of the NSAID preparations: 12 patients (3.2%) had patch test reactions to bufexamac, 2 (0.5%) to etofenamate, 2 (0.5%) to indomethacin, and 1 patient (0.3%) to flufenamic acid [5].

High impact information on ETOFENAMATE

• Minor amounts of etofenamate (Eto) and its glucuronide were found in urine and feces [6].
• Two hours after the fifth application, the concentration of etofenamate in serum and synovial fluid (in patients who had knee joint iontophoresis) were measured by HPLC [7].
• In patients with synovitis of the knee, the synovial level of etofenamate (368 +/- 109.2 micrograms/l) was almost twice as high than the serum concentration [7].
• OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of etofenamate (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) and fentanyl (an opioid analgesic) for outpatient extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) [8].
• Iontophoresis of etofenamate into the lumbar region as well as to the knee joint resulted in consistent serum levels: 219 +/- 136.3 micrograms/l and 191 +/- 84.6 micrograms/l, respectively [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of ETOFENAMATE

• The results showed that piroxicam in cream formulation, indomethacin cream and etofenamate gel have a similar effect, decreasing the erythema size 7 h after irradiation [9].

Biological context of ETOFENAMATE

• In this 60 patient study of sports traumatology due to football injuries, etofenamate gel proved equally effective as oral naproxen on the overall pain scores (65% none to mild pain for etofenamate versus 86% for naproxen; p greater than 0.05) [10].

Anatomical context of ETOFENAMATE

• Etofenamate levels in human serum and synovial fluid following iontophoresis [7].

Associations of ETOFENAMATE with other chemical compounds

• Interestingly, our patient presented ACD with diclofenac and etofenamate (both from different chemical groups) and, furthermore, patch tests were positive with bencydamine and indomethacin (both indolacetic acid derivatives), piroxicam and fepradinol [11].
• Ketoprofen vs etofenamate in a controlled double-blind study: evidence of topical effectiveness in soft tissue rheumatic pain [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ETOFENAMATE

• During the 5-day treatment period, the test gel in a quantity corresponding to 100 mg etofenamate was applied to affected body regions every day by 20-min iontophoresis sessions [7].
• They were divided into two groups and treated either with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), one application every other day, for 20 days or with TENS and an ointment containing etofenamate 10% gel, 3-5 cm daily on the day of TENS therapy, and the same dose twice daily on the other days [13].
• On the basis of these results the use of etofenamate and TENS could represent a viable alternative to systemic nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy [13].

References