Disease relevance of Iontophoresis

• Thus, with acute capsaicin treatment when subjects exhibited touch-evoked hyperalgesia but no ongoing pain, there was a threefold increase in the average pain rating during ATP iontophoresis (22.7 +/- 3.1) compared with pre-capsaicin treatment (7.8 +/- 2.6) [1].
• We measured capillary recruitment with capillaroscopy and endothelium-(in)dependent vasodilation by iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside before and during hyperinsulinemia (40 mU . m(-2) . min(-1)) [2].
• We report on sweat secretion rates (SSRs) in seven patients with Laron syndrome, measured by pilocarpine iontophoresis [3].
• The authors conclude that epinephrine iontophoresis can reactivate the latent HSV-1 in neural tissues and infectious virus can be quantified from the cell-free homogenates [4].
• A new sweat test (CF Indicator; Medtronic, Inc.) for cystic fibrosis (CF) features a compact, portable configuration of electrodes that dispense pilocarpine for iontophoresis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Iontophoresis

• The influence of lidocaine and iontophoresis on the pain threshold of the human eardrum [6].
• Sweat sodium concentration was estimated with pilocarpine iontophoresis in 15 women with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 29 healthy control women [7].

High impact information on Iontophoresis

• Moreover, local application of glycine and its antagonist strychnine by iontophoresis (through glass pipette electrodes, by means of an electric current) revealed that precisely timed glycine-controlled inhibition is a critical part of the mechanism by which the physiologically relevant range of ITDs is encoded in the MSO [8].
• We report here that in a bursting molluscan neurone, intracellular iontophoresis of cyclic AMP under voltage clamp elicits an inward current of maximal amplitude in the pacemaker voltage region [9].
• Quantification of noradrenaline iontophoresis [10].
• In the present study, iontophoresis of acetylcholine adjacent to single hamster cheek pouch arterioles in situ (diameter, 20 to 37 micrometers) induced a rapid bidirectional dilation that was not attenuated when blood flow was eliminated with vascular occlusion [11].
• In the neurons of Aplysia californica pentylenetetrazole (2 millimolar) greatly reduced chloride-dependent responses to the iontophoresis of putative transmitters [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Iontophoresis

• Rabbits harboring latent HSV-1 strain McKrae can be induced to shed virus by ocular iontophoresis of epinephrine to the cornea [13].
• METHODS: We measured 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, capillary recruitment after arterial occlusion, and skin blood flow responses to iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in 18 subjects with untreated essential hypertension and in 18 control subjects [14].
• Thermal hyperalgesia intensified during arterial occlusion; however, sites of noradrenaline iontophoresis were more sensitive to heat than elsewhere in the capsaicin-treated skin, even when noradrenaline was administered during arterial occlusion [15].
• Recurrent HSV-1 corneal epithelial lesions induced by timolol iontophoresis in latently infected rabbits [16].
• We studied focal anhidrosis by iodine-starch staining and by capacitance hygrometry after carbachol iontophoresis, according to the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) [17].

Biological context of Iontophoresis

• After viral latency was established, transcorneal epinephrine iontophoresis was performed [18].
• Topical peptides: percutaneous absorption of a vasopressin derivate, grass pollen, and other allergens by iontophoresis in men [19].
• This paper models the behavior of dopamine released from a small iontophoresis electrode and its voltammetric detection by a carbon fiber sensor 100 microns away as a basis for developing a new paradigm for measuring dopamine kinetics in intact rat neostriatum [20].
• LTF neurons were excited by the iontophoresis of L-glutamate, and an inflection on the rising phase of their action potentials was observed [21].
• In some neurons, hyperpolarization was caused by inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, as demonstrated by reversal of membrane potential trajectory after intracellular chloride iontophoresis [22].

Anatomical context of Iontophoresis

• To study this, we use glutamate iontophoresis and synaptic stimulation to position pairs of excitatory inputs throughout the apical, oblique, and basal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices [23].
• To find out whether the active vasodilator system is under baroreceptor control, laser-Doppler velocimetry and the local iontophoresis of bretylium were combined to allow selective study of the active vasodilator system [24].
• The role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in cat visual cortex was studied as a function of both layer and age by iontophoresis of the NMDA antagonist (D)-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV) [25].
• This effect was not observed with iontophoretically administered procaine iontophoresis of cocaine also significantly potentiated the inhibition of A10 DA activity caused by electrical stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) [26].
• Endogenous dopamine can modulate inhibition of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons elicited by GABA iontophoresis or striatal stimulation [27].

Associations of Iontophoresis with chemical compounds

• Analysis of membrane conductance fluctuations induced by iontophoresis of glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid indicates a mean inhibitory channel lifetime of 7.15 milliseconds [28].
• An induction protocol using glutamate iontophoresis was developed that reliably induced LTP in hippocampal slices without afferent stimulation [29].
• Epinephrine iontophoresis of the Pagetic extremities decreased blood flow from 14.2plus or minus2.9 to 3.6plus or minus1.5 ml/min [30].
• Skin blood flow responses after iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry [31].
• In our experiments, iontophoresis of the sodium salt of synthetic NAAG did not induce single-unit spiking at sites in slices of rat piriform cortex that responded vigorously to L-glutamate [32].

Gene context of Iontophoresis

• Subcutaneous injection of amiloride (1 mm) also significantly inhibited the pain induced by iontophoresis of acid, suggesting an involvement of acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) receptors [33].
• In the AP, but not control, group there was an inverse correlation between CRP and microvascular function as determined by acetylcholine iontophoresis (r = -0.509; P = 0.018) [34].
• Bath application and iontophoresis of the 5-HT2 receptor agonist -methyl-hydroxytryptamine mimicked the effects of 5-HT [35].
• Iontophoresis combined with patch-clamp recording indicated that BDNF increased activity of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors [36].
• METHODS: Clinical features of 120 children diagnosed as CF by quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis were recorded [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Iontophoresis

• The aims of this study were to investigate possible contributions of prostaglandin production to the increase in skin blood flow induced following the iontophoresis of ACh and to investigate possible contributions from local sensory nerves to the perfusion responses induced by ACh, SNP and their vehicles [38].
• The effects of GABA and glycine could be antagonised by iontophoresis of bicuculline and strychnine respectively whilst intravenous injection of naloxone antagonised the inhibition induced by the opioid peptides [39].
• One hour after treatment with iontophoresis or mock iontophoresis of 10 mg/ml of ciprofloxacin, aqueous humor concentrations were 83.75 +/- 8.85 micrograms/ml and 24.87 +/- 4.0 micrograms/ml (mean +/- standard error of the mean), respectively [40].
• METHODS: The simultaneous extraction of glucose and sodium by reverse iontophoresis was performed on human volunteers over 5 h, and blood glucose was measured in the conventional manner at each collection interval [41].
• On days 10-14 after penetrating keratoplasty, 24 eyes in the HSV-1 latent group and all ten uninfected eyes received iontophoresis of 0.01% epinephrine (0.8 mAmps for 8 min or 0.6 mAmps for 6 min) once daily for 3 days by means of an eye cup whose diameter was less than the diameter of the transplant [13].

References