Disease relevance of Hyocholic acid

• No unusual monohydroxy bile acids were present in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, but, in several patients, there was a considerable amount of hyocholic acid present in the urinary bile acids [1].
• Hyodeoxycholic acid and hyodeoxy-oxazoline [2-(3 alpha,6 alpha-dihydroxy-24-nor-5 beta-cholanyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2- oxazoline] at the same dosage effectively prevented gallstones, while the trihydroxy bile acid, hyocholic acid, was not effective [2].

High impact information on Hyocholic acid

• In human liver microsomes, the antibodies were able to inhibit and precipitate up to 90% of the total hyodeoxycholic acid 6-O-glucuronidation activity, but had no effect on activities toward several other substrates, such as phenols, bilirubin, or other bile acids, especially hyocholic acid and the steroids 4-hydroxyesterone and estriol [3].
• The presence of relatively high proportions of hyocholic acid (often greater than cholic acid) and several 1 beta-hydroxycholanoic acid isomers indicates that C-1 and C-6 hydroxylation are important pathways in bile acid synthesis during development [4].
• Pigs receiving 10% BCD thus differed markedly from controls, especially for HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase hepatic activities (x5), and fecal output of total bile acids (x3) and hyocholic acid (x20), and their overall cholesterol synthesis was higher (+50%), despite the abundant dietary cholesterol [5].
• In urine collected 0-24 hr after the injection, 20% of the radioactivity appeared in the combined glycine and taurine conjugate fractions, and the predominant metabolite in these fractions was identified as hyocholic acid [6].
• C) In a gallstone dissolution study, hamsters were fed the lithogenic diet for six weeks to induce stones; stone dissolution was examined during administration of a cholesterol-free purified diet with or without 0.1% beta-muricholic acid or 0.1% hyocholic acid [7].

Biological context of Hyocholic acid

• Specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats, 10 weeks old, were fed an ED only, ED plus 0.1% (w/w) hyocholic acid, or ED plus 0.1% (w/w) hyodeoxycholic acid ad libitum for 4 weeks [8].

Anatomical context of Hyocholic acid

• We detected large amounts of unusual bile acids, especially hyocholic acid and 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5 bile acids, in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood [9].

Associations of Hyocholic acid with other chemical compounds

• Moreover, ursodeoxycholic acid, hyocholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid and 3beta-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid also are able to analyse by this method [10].
• Both CYP8B1 and the key enzyme in hyocholic acid formation, taurochenodeoxycholic acid 6alpha-hydroxylase (CYP4A21), were found to be expressed in pig liver in a developmental-dependent but opposite fashion [11].

Gene context of Hyocholic acid

• CYP4A21 participates in the formation of hyocholic acid, a species-specific primary bile acid in the pig [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hyocholic acid

• ELISA determination of serum hyocholic acid concentrations in humans and their possible clinical significance [13].

References