Disease relevance of 98503-29-8

• The animals were given a single intraperitoneal injection of the following doses of the chemicals: ENNG and ENU, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg; EMS and DES, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight [1].
• Following incubation of the oral vaccine Brucella suis strain 2 with diethyl sulphate (DES), a mutant designated strain S105 was selected by screening surviving bacteria for reduced virulence for mice [2].

Psychiatry related information on 98503-29-8

• In addition to EtG, EtS can be used to detect recent alcohol consumption, thus providing a second marker for the time range of up to approximately one day after elimination of ethanol from urine samples [3].

High impact information on 98503-29-8

• The activity of bypass tolerance mechanism (BTM; represented by the mus308 locus) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) on the removal of oxygen and nitrogen ethylations was studied by determining DES mutagenicity in NER deficient females, comparing it with existing results for ENU, and by analysing both chemicals on BTM deficient females [4].
• In a previous study we showed that the formation of O6-ethylguanine (O6-EtGua) in the DNA of CHO cells in culture correlated with mutations induced by ethylnitrosourea (ENU) and diethylsulfate (DES) at the hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus but not at the Na, K-ATPase locus [5].
• The presence of 50 mM MX during cell treatment with diethyl sulfate (DES) caused selective inhibition of the repair of AP sites generated during base excision repair and inhibited alkaline cleavage at these sites [6].
• ENU, which produces relatively high levels of O-alkylations (O6-ethylguanine), is primarily mutagenic in spermatogonia of the mouse, whereas EMS and DES, which produce relatively high levels of N-alkylations (7-ethylguanine) in DNA, are much more mutagenic in post-meiotic stages of male germ cells [7].
• The rfaP mutants were selected after diethylsulfate mutagenesis or as spontaneous mutants [8].

Biological context of 98503-29-8

• No enhancing effect was observed on mutagenesis induced by other mutagens such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), dimethylsulfate, N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG), N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), ethyl methanesulfonate, diethylsulfate, 4NQO and furylfuramide (AF-2) [9].
• In the case of monofunctional agents, ENNG, ENU, DES and EMS there was a relationship between the induction of chromosome aberrations with the Swain-Scott S-value and O-alkylation with those agents with the lowest S-value and the highest proportion of O-alkylation producing chromosome aberrations at the lowest exposure concentrations [10].
• Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were treated with two ethylating agents, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and diethylsulfate (DES), and the kinetics of DNA single strand break (ssb) induction and rejoining were determined in parallel with DNA adduct formation and removal [11].

Anatomical context of 98503-29-8

• To evaluate these damages, the human blood cells were treated with highly 3H-labelled ENU and DES, and the resulting 3H-ethyl adducts were analysed via HPLC [12].
• A comparative study has been made of the induction and repair of adducts and alkali-labile sites in the DNA of human lymphocytes and granulocytes exposed to the ethylating agents N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and diethyl sulphate (DES) [12].

Associations of 98503-29-8 with other chemical compounds

• The relative order of potency of the six ethylating agents for the induction of chromosome aberrations related to exposure concentration was ENNG greater than ECH greater than ENU greater than EDB greater than DES greater than EMS with each agent inducing aberrations over a discrete concentration range [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of 98503-29-8

• All known adducts induced by ENU and DES could be detected by the HPLC methods applied [12].
• In the case of DES, DNA ssb as determined by alkaline elution (AE) were repaired very slowly with more than 50% of the lesions still present on DNA 3 h after treatment [11].

References