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Gene Review:

Akap1 - A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1

Mus musculus

Synonyms: A-kinase anchor protein 1, mitochondrial, AKAP121, AKAP84, Akap, C76494, ...

Mayes, M.A. et al., Cardone, L. et al., Cardone, L. et al., LaRosa, C. et al., Livigni, A. et al., et al.

Chaudhry, Zhang, Granneman,

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High impact information on Akap1

We find that AKAP121/84 also binds PTPD1, a src-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase [1].
A-kinase anchor protein 121 (AKAP121) and its spliced isoform AKAP84 anchor protein kinase A (PKA) to the outer membrane of mitochondria, focusing and enhancing cyclic AMP signal transduction to the organelle [1].
Several AKAPs have been identified in oocytes including one at 140 kDa that we now identify as a product of the Akap1 gene [2].
Interaction between fidgetin and protein kinase A-anchoring protein AKAP95 is critical for palatogenesis in the mouse [3].
Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP oxidative synthesis were enhanced by AKAP121 in an src- and PKA-dependent manner [4].

Biological context of Akap1

In situ immunostaining of testicular germ cells (GC2) shows that AKAP121 concentrates on mitochondria in interphase and on mitotic spindles during M phase [5].
S-AKAP84 and AKAP121 are alternative splicing products with identical NH(2) termini [5].
Studies in vitro demonstrated reactivity between SAKAP I and SH3 domains derived from a variety of molecules [6].
C subunit kinase activity was necessary for LPL RNA binding and translation inhibition, suggesting that the phosphorylation of AKAP121/149 or other proteins was an important part of RNA binding complex formation [7].

Anatomical context of Akap1

These findings indicate that AKAP121, through its role in enhancing cAMP and tyrosine kinase signaling to distal organelles, is an important regulator in mitochondrial metabolism [4].
A 15-residue bifunctional element in D-AKAP1 is required for both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial targeting [8].
Immunoprecipitation and co-sedimentation experiments in rat testis extracts confirmed the interaction between microtubules and S-AKAP84 [5].
Characterization of RII(beta) and D-AKAP1 in differentiated adipocytes [9].

Associations of Akap1 with chemical compounds

Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase (PRKA) Activators Delay Meiotic Resumption in Porcine Oocytes [10].
The AMP-activated protein kinase (PRKA; formerly known as AMPK) inhibitors, compound C and araA, completely blocked the meiosis-stimulating effects of all the tested stresses [11].
Adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (PRKA) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a metabolic switch in a number of physiological functions [10].
Other known PRKA activators, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) and metformin, also blocked meiotic resumption in COC [10].

Other interactions of Akap1

This is apparently the first report of an RIalpha-specific protein kinase A anchoring protein tethering domain [12].
A signaling complex containing AKAP121, PKA, PTPD1, and src is assembled in vivo [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Akap1

Immunoblotting and nuclease protection analysis of C3H/10T1/2 cellular extracts identified this band as D-AKAP1/S-AKAP84, a putative AKAP [9].
Western blots showed that acetyl-CoA carboxylase, an important substrate of PRKA, was phosphorylated before GVB, supporting a role for PRKA in stress-induced maturation [11].

References

Mitochondrial AKAP121 binds and targets protein tyrosine phosphatase D1, a novel positive regulator of src signaling. Cardone, L., Carlucci, A., Affaitati, A., Livigni, A., DeCristofaro, T., Garbi, C., Varrone, S., Ullrich, A., Gottesman, M.E., Avvedimento, E.V., Feliciello, A. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
Dynamic anchoring of PKA is essential during oocyte maturation. Newhall, K.J., Criniti, A.R., Cheah, C.S., Smith, K.C., Kafer, K.E., Burkart, A.D., McKnight, G.S. Curr. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Interaction between fidgetin and protein kinase A-anchoring protein AKAP95 is critical for palatogenesis in the mouse. Yang, Y., Mahaffey, C.L., Bérubé, N., Frankel, W.N. J. Biol. Chem. (2006) [Pubmed]
Mitochondrial AKAP121 links cAMP and src signaling to oxidative metabolism. Livigni, A., Scorziello, A., Agnese, S., Adornetto, A., Carlucci, A., Garbi, C., Castaldo, I., Annunziato, L., Avvedimento, E.V., Feliciello, A. Mol. Biol. Cell (2006) [Pubmed]
A-kinase anchor protein 84/121 are targeted to mitochondria and mitotic spindles by overlapping amino-terminal motifs. Cardone, L., de Cristofaro, T., Affaitati, A., Garbi, C., Ginsberg, M.D., Saviano, M., Varrone, S., Rubin, C.S., Gottesman, M.E., Avvedimento, E.V., Feliciello, A. J. Mol. Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Physical association between Src homology 3 elements and the protein product of the c-cbl proto-oncogene. Rivero-Lezcano, O.M., Sameshima, J.H., Marcilla, A., Robbins, K.C. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
The translational regulation of lipoprotein lipase by epinephrine involves an RNA binding complex including the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A. Ranganathan, G., Phan, D., Pokrovskaya, I.D., McEwen, J.E., Li, C., Kern, P.A. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
A 15-residue bifunctional element in D-AKAP1 is required for both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial targeting. Ma, Y., Taylor, S. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
Characterization of RII(beta) and D-AKAP1 in differentiated adipocytes. Chaudhry, A., Zhang, C., Granneman, J.G. Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase (PRKA) Activators Delay Meiotic Resumption in Porcine Oocytes. Mayes, M.A., Laforest, M.F., Guillemette, C., Gilchrist, R.B., Richard, F.J. Biol. Reprod. (2007) [Pubmed]
Stress stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase and meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes. LaRosa, C., Downs, S.M. Biol. Reprod. (2006) [Pubmed]
Identification of tethering domains for protein kinase A type Ialpha regulatory subunits on sperm fibrous sheath protein FSC1. Miki, K., Eddy, E.M. J. Biol. Chem. (1998) [Pubmed]

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