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Gene Review

Shaw  -  Shaker cognate w

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: CG15419, CG2822, Dmel\CG2822, Kv3, Kv3.1, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Shaw

 

High impact information on Shaw

  • We report that only the Drosophila Shaw2 channel, which does not inactivate upon prolonged depolarization, is rapidly and reversibly blocked by ethanol in a concentration-dependent manner (17-170 mM) [2].
  • We also found that Shaw2 K+ channels were selectively blocked by halothane (1 mM) [2].
  • Waters and colleagues recently suggested [Waters, L. C., Zelhof, A. C., Shaw, B. J. & Ch'ang, L.-Y. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 4855-4859] that an insertion of a long terminal repeat of transposable element 17.6 into the 3' untranslated region of a P450 gene leads to susceptibility to the insecticide DDT in Drosophila melanogaster [3].
  • Although most of the delayed rectifier current is the product of the Shab gene, the Shaw gene contributes a small "leak" current to most neurons and muscle cells [4].
  • Genetic analysis of Drosophila neurons: Shal, Shaw, and Shab encode most embryonic potassium currents [5].
 

Biological context of Shaw

 

Anatomical context of Shaw

 

Other interactions of Shaw

  • Mutations of Sh and Shab K(+) channels removed part of inactivating I(A) and sustained I(K), respectively, and the remaining I(A) and I(K) revealed the properties of their counterparts, e.g., Shal and Shaw channels [9].
  • Shaw encodes a 42 pS noninactivating channel distinctive for its extremely low voltage sensitivity; Shaw channels have a total equivalent gating charge of 0.90 e- charges, in sharp contrast to 7 e- reported for Shaker channels [5].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Shaw

  • In order to identify cells with native channels containing subunits of one of these subfamilies (Shaw-related or ShIII), the cellular distribution of ShIII transcripts was examined by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization [8].
  • Domain swapping between dShaw2 (alkanol-sensitive) and hKv3.4 (alkanol-resistant) and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that a 13-amino acid cytoplasmic loop (S4-S5) determines the selective inhibition of native dShaw2 channels by 1-alkanols [10].

References

  1. Shaw potassium channel genes in Drosophila. Hodge, J.J., Choi, J.C., O'Kane, C.J., Griffith, L.C. J. Neurobiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. Ethanol selectively blocks a noninactivating K+ current expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Covarrubias, M., Rubin, E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
  3. Noninvolvement of the long terminal repeat of transposable element 17.6 in insecticide resistance in Drosophila. Delpuech, J.M., Aquadro, C.F., Roush, R.T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
  4. The major delayed rectifier in both Drosophila neurons and muscle is encoded by Shab. Tsunoda, S., Salkoff, L. J. Neurosci. (1995) [Pubmed]
  5. Genetic analysis of Drosophila neurons: Shal, Shaw, and Shab encode most embryonic potassium currents. Tsunoda, S., Salkoff, L. J. Neurosci. (1995) [Pubmed]
  6. The lobster shaw gene: cloning, sequence analysis and comparison to fly shaw. Baro, D.J., Cole, C.L., Harris-Warrick, R.M. Gene (1996) [Pubmed]
  7. Molecular features of an alcohol binding site in a neuronal potassium channel. Shahidullah, M., Harris, T., Germann, M.W., Covarrubias, M. Biochemistry (2003) [Pubmed]
  8. Differential expression of Shaw-related K+ channels in the rat central nervous system. Weiser, M., Vega-Saenz de Miera, E., Kentros, C., Moreno, H., Franzen, L., Hillman, D., Baker, H., Rudy, B. J. Neurosci. (1994) [Pubmed]
  9. Differential contributions of shaker and shab k+ currents to neuronal firing patterns in Drosophila. Peng, I.F., Wu, C.F. J. Neurophysiol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. General anesthetic action at an internal protein site involving the S4-S5 cytoplasmic loop of a neuronal K(+) channel. Harris, T., Shahidullah, M., Ellingson, J.S., Covarrubias, M. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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