Disease relevance of MGST3

• Microsomal GST-III protein was expressed in a baculovirus insect cell system, and microsomes from Sf9 cells containing either microsomal GST-II or microsomal GST-III were both found to possess glutathione-dependent peroxidase activity as shown by their ability to reduce 5-HPETE to 5-HETE in the presence of reduced glutathione [1].
• One such enzyme is microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 encoded by MGST3, which maps to chromosome 1q23, a region linked to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Pima Indians, Caucasian, and Chinese populations [2].

High impact information on MGST3

• The apparent Km of 5-HPETE was determined to be approximately 7 microM for microsomal GST-II and 21 microM for microsomal GST-III [1].
• The present work describes the identification and characterization of a novel member of this family termed microsomal glutathione S-transferase III (microsomal GST-III) [1].
• Like microsomal GST-II, microsomal GST-III has a wide tissue distribution (at the mRNA level) and is predominantly expressed in human heart, skeletal muscle, and adrenal cortex, and it is also found in brain, placenta, liver, and kidney tissues [1].
• Microsomal GST-III was also found to catalyze the production of LTC4 from LTA4 and reduced glutathione [1].
• In contrast, microsomal GST-III mRNA expression was very low (if any) in lung, thymus, and peripheral blood leukocytes [1].

Biological context of MGST3

• We investigated the MGST3 gene as a potential susceptibility gene for T2DM by screening this locus for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in diabetic and non-diabetic Pima Indians [2].

Anatomical context of MGST3

• Furthermore, inter-individual variation of skeletal muscle MGST3 mRNA was not correlated with differences in insulin action in non-diabetic subjects [2].
• Expression of microsomal GST-III mRNA was also detected in several glandular tissues such as pancreas, thyroid, testis, and ovary [1].

Associations of MGST3 with chemical compounds

• We conclude that alterations of MGST3 are unlikely to contribute to T2DM or differences in insulin sensitivity in the Pima Indians [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of MGST3

• We also measured the skeletal muscle MGST3 mRNA level by Real-Time (RT) PCR and its relationship with insulin action in non-diabetic individuals [2].
• Fluorescent in situ hybridization mapped microsomal GST-III to chromosomal localization 1q23 [1].

References