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RAT1  -  Rat1p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: 5'-3' exoribonuclease 2, HKE1, Ribonucleic acid-trafficking protein 1, TAP1, XRN2, ...
 
 
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High impact information on RAT1

  • We discuss the possible significance of the Rat1p/Sep1p homology for RNA trafficking [1].
  • Isolation and characterization of RAT1: an essential gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for the efficient nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of mRNA [1].
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments show that polyadenylation factors and Rat1 localize to snoRNA genes, but mutations that disrupt poly(A) site cleavage or Rat1 activity do not lead to termination defects at these genes [2].
  • Thus, the XRN-family in plants is more complex than in other eukaryotes, and, if an XRN-like enzyme plays a role in mRNA decay in plants, the likely participant is a cytoplasmic Xrn2p/Rat1p ortholog, rather than an Xrn1p ortholog [3].
  • First, the Arabidopsis genome contains three XRN-like genes (AtXRNs) that are structurally similar to Xrn2p/Rat1p, a characteristic unique to plants [3].
 

Biological context of RAT1

 

Anatomical context of RAT1

  • Immunodetection analyses with enriched fractions of chloroplast proteins indicated that Rat1 is associated with chloroplast membranes [7].
 

Associations of RAT1 with chemical compounds

  • Finally, we found that the treatment of RAT1 cell extracts with N-ethylmaleimide leads to a loss of the major PRMT1-associated activity that was immune to inhibition under the same conditions as a GST fusion protein [8].
  • However, rat PRMT1 and PRMT3 glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins have distinct enzyme specificities for substrates present in both hypomethylated rmt1 yeast extract and hypomethylated RAT1 embryo cell extract [9].
 

Other interactions of RAT1

  • Sequence data are presented for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TAP1 gene and for a mutant allele, tap1-1, that activates transcription of the promoter-defective yeast SUP4 tRNA(Tyr) allele SUP4A53T61 [10].
  • Processing of the polycistronic precursor requires nucleases also involved in rRNA processing, i.e., Rnt1p and Rat1p [11].
  • Seven novel methylation guide small nucleolar RNAs are processed from a common polycistronic transcript by Rat1p and RNase III in yeast [11].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of RAT1

References

  1. Isolation and characterization of RAT1: an essential gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for the efficient nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of mRNA. Amberg, D.C., Goldstein, A.L., Cole, C.N. Genes Dev. (1992) [Pubmed]
  2. Distinct Pathways for snoRNA and mRNA Termination. Kim, M., Vasiljeva, L., Rando, O.J., Zhelkovsky, A., Moore, C., Buratowski, S. Mol. Cell (2006) [Pubmed]
  3. Novel features of the XRN-family in Arabidopsis: evidence that AtXRN4, one of several orthologs of nuclear Xrn2p/Rat1p, functions in the cytoplasm. Kastenmayer, J.P., Green, P.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAI1 (YGL246c) is homologous to human DOM3Z and encodes a protein that binds the nuclear exoribonuclease Rat1p. Xue, Y., Bai, X., Lee, I., Kallstrom, G., Ho, J., Brown, J., Stevens, A., Johnson, A.W. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  5. An essential yeast gene with homology to the exonuclease-encoding XRN1/KEM1 gene also encodes a protein with exoribonuclease activity. Kenna, M., Stevens, A., McCammon, M., Douglas, M.G. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  6. TAP1, a yeast gene that activates the expression of a tRNA gene with a defective internal promoter. Di Segni, G., McConaughy, B.L., Shapiro, R.A., Aldrich, T.L., Hall, B.D. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  7. Two adjacent nuclear genes are required for functional complementation of a chloroplast trans-splicing mutant from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Balczun, C., Bunse, A., Hahn, D., Bennoun, P., Nickelsen, J., Kück, U. Plant J. (2005) [Pubmed]
  8. PRMT3 is a distinct member of the protein arginine N-methyltransferase family. Conferral of substrate specificity by a zinc-finger domain. Frankel, A., Clarke, S. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  9. PRMT 3, a type I protein arginine N-methyltransferase that differs from PRMT1 in its oligomerization, subcellular localization, substrate specificity, and regulation. Tang, J., Gary, J.D., Clarke, S., Herschman, H.R. J. Biol. Chem. (1998) [Pubmed]
  10. Structure of the yeast TAP1 protein: dependence of transcription activation on the DNA context of the target gene. Aldrich, T.L., Di Segni, G., McConaughy, B.L., Keen, N.J., Whelen, S., Hall, B.D. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  11. Seven novel methylation guide small nucleolar RNAs are processed from a common polycistronic transcript by Rat1p and RNase III in yeast. Qu, L.H., Henras, A., Lu, Y.J., Zhou, H., Zhou, W.X., Zhu, Y.Q., Zhao, J., Henry, Y., Caizergues-Ferrer, M., Bachellerie, J.P. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1999) [Pubmed]
 
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