Disease relevance of dxr

• This paper describes the recombinant expression of the ispC gene of Escherichia coli specifying 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate synthase in a modified form that can be purified efficiently by metal-chelating chromatography [1].
• Isolation of the dxr gene of Zymomonas mobilis and characterization of the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase [2].
• For this purpose, a segment of dxr was amplified from Synechococcus leopoliensis SAUG 1402-1 DNA via PCR using oligonucleotides for conserved regions [3].
• The 1.9 A resolution structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, a potential drug target [4].
• Kinetic characterization of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase mutants [5].

High impact information on dxr

• These data clearly show that the yaeM gene encodes an enzyme, designated 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, that synthesizes 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate, in a single step by intramolecular rearrangement and reduction and that this gene is responsible for terpenoid biosynthesis in E. coli [6].
• We have solved the 2.5-A crystal structure of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase, an enzyme involved in the mevalonate-independent 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis [7].
• Using genetically engineered Escherichia coli knockout strains, we now demonstrate that the ability of E. coli extracts to stimulate gamma delta T cell proliferation is abrogated when genes coding for essential enzymes of the MEP pathway, dxr or gcpE, are disrupted or deleted from the bacterial genome [8].
• The dxr gene encoding this enzyme from Escherichia coli was overexpressed as a histidine-tagged protein and characterized in detail [9].
• Characterization of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, an enzyme involved in isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis, and identification of its catalytic amino acid residues [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of dxr

• All the DNA fragments that complemented the defect in synthesizing 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate of these mutants contained the yaeM gene, which is located at 4.2 min on the chromosomal map of E. coli [6].

Biological context of dxr

• DNA sequencing analysis of the dxr genes from 10 E. coli dxr-deficient mutants revealed base substitution mutations at four points: two nonsense mutations and two amino acid substitutions (Gly(14) to Asp(14) and Glu(231) to Lys(231)) [9].
• At arabinose concentrations between 0 and 1.33 mM, cells expressing both dxs and dxr from P(BAD) on a medium-copy plasmid produced 1.4-2.0 times more lycopene than cells expressing dxs only [10].
• Escherichia coli disruptants defective in the yaeM gene, which is located at 4.2 min on the chromosome map, were constructed and characterized [11].
• 5 kbp locus on which a dxr homologous gene and two adjacent open reading frames organized in one operon were localized by DNA sequencing [3].

Associations of dxr with chemical compounds

• A 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase catalyzing the formation of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate in an alternative nonmevalonate pathway for terpenoid biosynthesis [6].
• The crystal structure of E.coli 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase in a ternary complex with the antimalarial compound fosmidomycin and NADPH reveals a tight-binding closed enzyme conformation [12].
• The key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) has been shown to be the target enzyme of fosmidomycin, an antimalarial, antibacterial and herbicidal compound [12].
• However, at higher arabinose concentrations lycopene production in cells expressing both dxs and dxr was lower than in cells expressing dxs only [10].
• It was intended to isolate the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) reductoisomerase gene (dxr), as this gene encodes the enzyme which catalyzes a pathway-specific, indicative step of this pathway [3].

Other interactions of dxr

• Identification of class 2 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase genes from Ginkgo biloba and their transcription in embryo culture with respect to ginkgolide biosynthesis [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of dxr

• The dxs 1, dxs 2, dxr, mev, and ter genes were used for Northern blot and primer extension analyses to examine temporal expression of these genes together with a gap gene coding for GAP dehydrogenase, which was also cloned in this study and used as an internal control [14].

References