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Gene Review

iscS  -  cysteine desulfurase (tRNA...

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

Synonyms: ECK2527, JW2514, nuvC, yfhO, yzzO
 
 
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Disease relevance of iscS

 

High impact information on iscS

 

Chemical compound and disease context of iscS

 

Biological context of iscS

  • Information gained from microsequencing of oligopeptides obtained by tryptic digestion of purified IscS was used to design a strategy for isolation and DNA sequence analysis of a 7,886-base pair A. vinelandii genomic segment that includes the iscS gene [10].
  • These results show that the cysE-like gene located upstream from iscS is not essential for cell growth and that the cysE-like gene and the iscSUA-hscBA-fdx genes are contained within separate transcription units [10].
  • The iscS gene is contained within a gene cluster that includes homologs to nifU and another gene contained within the major nif cluster of A. vinelandii previously designated orf6 [10].
  • Transformation of the iscS(-) strain with an iscS expression plasmid complemented all of the observed phenotypic effects of the deletion mutant [7].
  • Thus, a conserved core structure is implicated in mediating the interactions of both SufE and IscU with the mutually homologous cysteine desulfurase enzymes present in their respective operons [11].
 

Associations of iscS with chemical compounds

  • IscS, a cysteine desulfurase implicated in the repair of Fe-S clusters, was recently shown to act as a sulfurtransferase in the biosynthesis of 4-thiouridine (s(4)U) in tRNA (Kambampati, R., and Lauhon, C. T. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 16561-16568) [7].
  • In this work, we show that our purified enzyme has no cysteine desulfurase activity and the required sulfide has to be added as Na(2)S [12].
  • Accordingly, an iron-sulfur cluster could be reconstituted into the purified protein in vitro using cysteine desulfurase, ferrous ions, and cysteine [13].
  • In isolated apoFNR, glutathione could be used as the reducing agent for HS- formation required for [4Fe-4S] assembly by cysteine desulfurase (NifS), and for the reduction of cysteine ligands of the FeS cluster in FNR [14].
  • P. fluorescens kynureninase also exhibits significant homology to the nifS gene product, cysteine desulfurase, and to eucaryotic serine/pyruvate aminotransferases, suggesting that it is a member of subgroup IV of the aminotransferase family of PLP-dependent enzymes [15].
 

Other interactions of iscS

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of iscS

References

  1. A sulfurtransferase is required in the transfer of cysteine sulfur in the in vitro synthesis of molybdopterin from precursor Z in Escherichia coli. Leimkühler, S., Rajagopalan, K.V. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  2. Cysteine sulfinate desulfinase, a NIFS-like protein of Escherichia coli with selenocysteine lyase and cysteine desulfurase activities. Gene cloning, purification, and characterization of a novel pyridoxal enzyme. Mihara, H., Kurihara, T., Yoshimura, T., Soda, K., Esaki, N. J. Biol. Chem. (1997) [Pubmed]
  3. Kinetic and structural characterization of Slr0077/SufS, the essential cysteine desulfurase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Tirupati, B., Vey, J.L., Drennan, C.L., Bollinger, J.M. Biochemistry (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. Interplay of IscA and IscU in Biogenesis of Iron-Sulfur Clusters. Yang, J., Bitoun, J.P., Ding, H. J. Biol. Chem. (2006) [Pubmed]
  5. Thioredoxin reductase system mediates iron binding in IscA and iron delivery for the iron-sulfur cluster assembly in IscU. Ding, H., Harrison, K., Lu, J. J. Biol. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
  6. Substrate specificity for 4-thiouridine modification in Escherichia coli. Lauhon, C.T., Erwin, W.M., Ton, G.N. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  7. The iscS gene in Escherichia coli is required for the biosynthesis of 4-thiouridine, thiamin, and NAD. Lauhon, C.T., Kambampati, R. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  8. Kinetic and mutational studies of three NifS homologs from Escherichia coli: mechanistic difference between L-cysteine desulfurase and L-selenocysteine lyase reactions. Mihara, H., Kurihara, T., Yoshimura, T., Esaki, N. J. Biochem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  9. The cysteine-desulfurase IscS promotes the production of the rhodanese RhdA in the persulfurated form. Forlani, F., Cereda, A., Freuer, A., Nimtz, M., Leimkühler, S., Pagani, S. FEBS Lett. (2005) [Pubmed]
  10. Assembly of iron-sulfur clusters. Identification of an iscSUA-hscBA-fdx gene cluster from Azotobacter vinelandii. Zheng, L., Cash, V.L., Flint, D.H., Dean, D.R. J. Biol. Chem. (1998) [Pubmed]
  11. The SufE sulfur-acceptor protein contains a conserved core structure that mediates interdomain interactions in a variety of redox protein complexes. Goldsmith-Fischman, S., Kuzin, A., Edstrom, W.C., Benach, J., Shastry, R., Xiao, R., Acton, T.B., Honig, B., Montelione, G.T., Hunt, J.F. J. Mol. Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  12. Further investigation on the turnover of Escherichia coli biotin synthase with dethiobiotin and 9-mercaptodethiobiotin as substrates. Tse Sum Bui, B., Lotierzo, M., Escalettes, F., Florentin, D., Marquet, A. Biochemistry (2004) [Pubmed]
  13. Transcription factor FnrP from Paracoccus denitrificans contains an iron-sulfur cluster and is activated by anoxia: identification of essential cysteine residues. Hutchings, M.I., Crack, J.C., Shearer, N., Thompson, B.J., Thomson, A.J., Spiro, S. J. Bacteriol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  14. Role of glutathione in the formation of the active form of the oxygen sensor FNR ([4Fe-4S].FNR) and in the control of FNR function. Tran, Q.H., Arras, T., Becker, S., Holighaus, G., Ohlberger, G., Unden, G. Eur. J. Biochem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  15. Cloning, sequence, and expression of kynureninase from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Koushik, S.V., Sundararaju, B., McGraw, R.A., Phillips, R.S. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (1997) [Pubmed]
  16. Contribution of cysteine desulfurase (NifS protein) to the biotin synthase reaction of Escherichia coli. Kiyasu, T., Asakura, A., Nagahashi, Y., Hoshino, T. J. Bacteriol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  17. IscS is a sulfurtransferase for the in vitro biosynthesis of 4-thiouridine in Escherichia coli tRNA. Kambampati, R., Lauhon, C.T. Biochemistry (1999) [Pubmed]
  18. Analysis of the heteromeric CsdA-CsdE cysteine desulfurase, assisting Fe-S cluster biogenesis in Escherichia coli. Loiseau, L., Ollagnier-de Choudens, S., Lascoux, D., Forest, E., Fontecave, M., Barras, F. J. Biol. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
 
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