High impact information on Euplotes

• In the ciliate Euplotes crassus, however, telomerase RNP structure and substrate recognition are altered during macronuclear development to facilitate de novo telomere addition [1].
• Developmentally programmed gene elimination in Euplotes crassus facilitates a switch in the telomerase catalytic subunit [1].
• Here we show that the cross-link of the Euplotes-human hybrid eRF1 is restricted to mRNAs containing UAG and UAA codons, and that the entire N-terminal domain of Euplotes eRF1 is involved in discriminating against UGA and UGG [2].
• Immunoprecipitation of 35S-labeled soluble Euplotes proteins with PCNA/cyclin autoimmune sera revealed a spectrum of low molecular mass proteins [3].
• Human autoimmune sera specific for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin (auxiliary protein for DNA polymerase delta) demonstrated the presence of epitopes within the macro- and micronuclei of the hypotrichous ciliated protozoa Euplotes eurystomus [3].

Biological context of Euplotes

• We have used the presence of conserved sequence elements in the promoter and template regions to amplify by PCR the telomerase RNA genes from six different hypotrichous ciliates: Oxytricha nova, Oxytricha trifallax, Stylonychia mytilis, Stylonychia lemnae, Euplotes aediculatus, and Euplotes eurystomus [4].
• Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) has been identified as the catalytic subunit of the chromosome end-replicating enzyme in Euplotes, yeasts, and mammals [5].
• Also in Euplotes, a second common sequence of 5 base pairs (A-A-C-T-T-T-T-G-A-A) occurs internal to the terminal repeat and a 17-base-pair heterogeneous region: 5'-C4A4C4A4C4A4C4(X)17T-T-G-A-A ... 3'-G2T4G4T4G4T4G4T4G4T4G4(X)17A-A-C-T-T ... The length of the terminal repeat sequence for O. nova was confirmed in cloned macronuclear DNA molecules [6].
• Gene dosage as a possible major determinant for equal expression levels of genes encoding RNA polymerase subunits in the hypotrichous ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus [7].
• Telomerase from the ciliate Euplotes crassus incorporates G4T4telomeric repeats onto both telomeric and non-telomeric single-stranded DNA 3'-ends via reverse transcription of a templating domain in its RNA subunit [8].

Anatomical context of Euplotes

• Southern hybridization analyses indicated that a single DNA molecule of 630 bp encoding tRNACys exists in the macronucleus of Euplotes octocarinatus . Cloning and sequencing of this fragment revealed that it contains only one copy of a tRNACys gene, which codes for a normal tRNACys with GCA anticodon [9].
• As a first step towards developing a DNA transformation method for the ciliated protozoan Euplotes crassus we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for cell division in the presence of cycloheximide (Chx) for several cell lines and the range of Chx sensitivity for 106 different progeny cell lines derived by mating two lines [10].

Associations of Euplotes with chemical compounds

• UGA is translated as cysteine in pheromone 3 of Euplotes octocarinatus [11].
• Cross-talk between the autocrine (mitogenic) pheromone loop of the ciliate Euplotes raikovi and the intracellular cyclic AMP concentration [12].
• The stop codon is TAA, as in other Euplotes genes, and is not the rare glutamine codon used in most other ciliates [13].
• Sequence of the macronuclear DNA encoding large subunit ribosomal protein 29 (L29) in Euplotes crassus and cycloheximide sensitivity [10].
• Staining with silver nitrate and thiol-specific coumarin maleimide has been demonstrated in the RBs of Euplotes and other hypotrichs; both of these properties were maintained in isolated RBs [14].

Gene context of Euplotes

• We have cloned and characterized a human gene encoding TP2 (telomerase-associated protein 2), a protein with similarity to reverse transcriptases and the catalytic telomerase subunits from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Euplotes aediculatus [15].
• Catalytic protein subunits of telomerase from the ciliate Euplotes aediculatus and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain reverse transcriptase motifs [16].
• Structure-function relationships of pheromones of the ciliate Euplotes raikovi with mammalian growth factors: cross-reactivity between Er-1 and interleukin-2 systems [17].
• Ribosomal cold-adaptation: characterization of the genes encoding the acidic ribosomal P0 and P2 proteins from the Antarctic ciliate Euplotes focardii [18].
• An unusual histone H3 specific for early macronuclear development in Euplotes crassus [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Euplotes

• Here we report the purification of telomerase from Euplotes aediculatus by affinity chromatography with antisense 2'-O-methyl oligonucleotides, a method that was developed for small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) [20].
• Differential distribution of alpha-tubulin isotypes in Euplotes eurystomus determined by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy [21].
• Identification of the tubulin gene family and sequence determination of one beta-tubulin gene in a cold-poikilotherm protozoan, the antarctic ciliate Euplotes focardii [22].

References