Disease relevance of Hookworm Infections

• Low serum retinol was most strongly associated with mild anemia, whereas P. vivax malaria and hookworm infection intensity were stronger predictors of moderate to severe anemia [1].
• Sera of patients with either hookworm infections or ascariasis, who are from areas nonendemic for Schistosoma mansoni, contain antibody reactivity against extracts of S. mansoni schistosomula [2].
• These data demonstrate the successful vaccination of BALB/c mice against human hookworm infection and suggest that a localised Th2 response may be important for conferring protection against necatoriasis [3].
• Cross-reaction was observed with the sera of patients with capillariasis, gnathostomiasis, opisthorchiasis, and strongyloidiasis and opisthorchiasis with hookworm infection [4].
• The effect of metrifonate on hookworm infections in Kenyan children treated for urinary schistosomiasis. A preliminary report [5].

High impact information on Hookworm Infections

• Risk factors and spatial patterns of hookworm infection among schoolchildren in a rural area of western Côte d'Ivoire [6].
• To determine the role of TGF-beta signalling in hookworm infection, an ortholog of the C. elegans TGF-beta signalling molecule daf-7 was cloned and characterised [7].
• Recent studies demonstrate a mixed Th1/Th2 response in human hookworm infection, with immunosuppression of specific and nonspecific IFN-gamma responses [8].
• Combined treatment with mebendazole and levamisole had a significantly higher efficacy against hookworm infections (cure rate, 26.1%; egg reduction rate, 88.7%) than either drug given alone [9].
• Sera from all nine patients with human hookworm infection had IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibodies to Ac68 and eight of the nine were also positive for IgG4 antibodies [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hookworm Infections

• Failure of mebendazole in treatment of human hookworm infections in the southern region of Mali [11].
• The effectiveness of metrifonate in reducing hookworm infection in Kenyan school children [12].
• Treatment with pyrantel pamoate was estimated to be 91% effective in clearing hookworm infections [13].
• A new compound, 4-isothiocyanato-4'-nitrodiphenylamine (C.9333-Go/CGP 4540), was tried in 39 hospitalized patients with hookworm infection, using several treatment schedules [14].
• Albendazole in children with hookworm infection [15].

Gene context of Hookworm Infections

• Patients with polyparasitism including hookworm infection showed significant reduction in CD3 and CD4 cells when compared with controls and with patients with hookworm infection alone [16].
• Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 system during experimental hookworm infection [17].
• Most of the hookworm infections (73.3%) were light/very light in intensity with a mean EPG of 619 [18].
• The overall prevalence of STH at post-intervention decreased significantly in both villages, with a greater degree of reduction appearing in ascariosis and hookworm infections in the village where PHC was implemented [19].
• Our study has clearly established that parasitized atopic individuals have significantly higher levels of IgE and autoanti-IgE than their nonatopic counterparts, and that atopy does not appear to influence accumulated levels of hookworm infection [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hookworm Infections

• Clinical trials of a new anthelmintic, 4-isothiocyanato-4'-nitrodiphenylamine (C.9333-Go/CGP 4540), for the cure of hookworm infection [14].

References