High impact information on Pulmonary Alveoli

• Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is one of two collectins found in the pulmonary alveolus [1].
• The data demonstrate that the synthetic peptide, KL4, which mimics the hydrophobic and hydrophilic pattern of SP-B, when formulated in an aqueous dispersion with the phospholipids DPPC and POPG, creates a strong and durable surfactant activity as judged by expansion of pulmonary alveoli and improvement of gas exchange in infants with RDS [2].
• The present study was undertaken to determine if a synthetic peptide, KLLLLKLLLLKLLLLKLLLLK (KL4), in which K = lysine and L = leucine, in an aqueous dispersion of phospholipids (DPPC and POPG), would expand pulmonary alveoli and improve gas exchange in premature human infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) [2].
• Thy+ CD4- CD8- cells were found to accumulate in the pulmonary alveoli of infected scid/scid or normal mice [3].
• Retinoic acid receptor-alpha regulates pulmonary alveolus formation in mice after, but not during, perinatal period [4].

Anatomical context of Pulmonary Alveoli

• This study investigated the possibility that the peritoneum is capable of synthesizing phosphatidylcholine (PC), a lubricant surfactant, in an amount similar to that produced by pulmonary alveoli [5].
• We conclude that lazaroid U-74389F attenuates lung injury in rabbits given PMA by preventing neutrophil migration into pulmonary alveoli [6].
• These abnormalities of calcium metabolism are due to dysregulated production of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 (calcitriol) by activated macrophages trapped in pulmonary alveoli and granulomatous inflammation [7].
• In addition the integrin is detected in perineurium, basal lamina of smooth muscular fibers, vascular media, podocytes and Bowman's capsule, myoepithelial cells of the parotid and breast, and in pulmonary alveoli [8].

Associations of Pulmonary Alveoli with chemical compounds

• The basement membrane-associated microdomains of type I pneumocytes in rat and rabbit pulmonary alveoli were found to be uniquely different from those of type II pneumocytes in the specific distribution of cytochemically detectable sulfate esters as demonstrated with the high iron diamine (HID) technique at the electron microscopic level [9].
• Plasma pseudocholinesterase activity and pulmonary alveoli ultrastructure were used as indices to the fenitrothion exposure [10].
• Swiss-Webster mice were treated with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 400 mg/kg ip) and sacrificed at Days 1, 3, and 5 thereafter; either 24 or 48 hr prior to each sacrifice, the herbicide diquat was administered (4 mg/kg ip) as a challenge to the ongoing cellular events in the pulmonary alveoli [11].
• Postnatal treatment with retinoic acid increases the number of pulmonary alveoli in rats [12].
• The role of C3a in pulmonary alveoli following trauma [13].

Gene context of Pulmonary Alveoli

• Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies in the last sibling revealed deficiency of SP-B, one of the group of 3 specific lipoproteins that reduce the surface tension between air and liquid interface within pulmonary alveoli, suggesting a gene associated illness [14].
• Retinoic acid receptor-beta: an endogenous inhibitor of the perinatal formation of pulmonary alveoli [15].
• The insoluble accumulations present in the pulmonary alveoli and airways of patients with alveolar proteinosis do not come from serum leakage nor from hypersecretion of materials normally found in these regions of the lungs [16].
• The effect of incomplete fixation of elastin on the appearance of pulmonary alveoli [17].
• These findings suggest that retinoic acid is a potential regulator of elastin synthesis in developing pulmonary alveoli [18].

References