Disease relevance of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

• The natural pyrethrins from the daisy-like flower, Tanacetum or Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, are nonpersistent insecticides of low toxicity to mammals [1].
• As part of initiating a resistance management strategy, partial reversion back to methoprene susceptibility was achieved in a resistant population after six consecutive applications of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis Goldberg & Marga coupled with two oil and two pyrethrum + PBO applications [2].

High impact information on Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

• Eserine, malathion, nicotine and pyrethrum had no inhibitory effect up to 0.5 g/liter [3].
• The insecticides dichlorvos, Landrin, pyrethrum, Sevin, malathion, and Diazinon significantly (P = 0.05) inhibited production of aflatoxins at a 100-ppm concentration [4].
• However, at a concentration of 10 ppm, significant inhibition in production of aflatoxins was found only with naled, dichlorvos, Sevin, Landrin, and pyrethrum [4].
• Neither d-phenothrin nor pyrethrum exhibited fumigant toxicity [5].
• Pediculicidal activity of linalool was comparable with that of d-phenothrin and pyrethrum [5].

Chemical compound and disease context of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

• In a filter-paper contact toxicity bioassay with female lice at 0.25 mg/cm(2), benzaldehyde was 29- and 27-fold more toxic than pyrethrum and d-phenothrin, respectively, as judged by median lethal time (LT(50)) values [5].

Biological context of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

• To obtain information about the elimination kinetics of pyrethrum in humans, urinary excretion of CDCA was investigated in three volunteers after oral intake of 0.3mg pyrethrin I [6].

Associations of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium with chemical compounds

• Little or no ovicidal activity was observed with d-phenothrin or pyrethrum [5].
• The separation of the six pyrethrin esters in a technical pyrethrum extract (Riedel-de-Haën, Cresent Chemical Co. Inc. Hauppauge, NY, USA) by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using both sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and a polymerized surfactant as pseudo-stationary phases has been investigated and optimized [7].
• Salicylaldehyde was nine and eight times more active than pyrethrum and d-phenothrin, respectively [5].
• The optimal concentration of pyrethrum was found to be 0.3% combined with 3% piperonyl butoxide [8].
• 1. Synthetic pyrethroids, based on the naturally-occurring insecticidal components of pyrethrum extract, emerged in the 1970s as the fourth major chemical class of synthetic insecticides [9].

References