Disease relevance of Warts

• In this study, biopsies of normal skin (21 of 21), benign neoplasms [seborrheic keratosis (3 of 3), acrochordon (2 of 3), and verruca plana (3 of 3)], and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (4 of 4) displayed strong nuclear CUSP immuno-reactivity in epidermal cells [1].
• The highest level of immunoreactive MGSA/GRO in diseased epidermis was detected in verruca vulgaris, followed by psoriasis, keratoacanthoma, and squamous cell carcinoma [2].
• Verruca vulgaris developing during cyclosporin therapy for psoriasis vulgaris [3].
• We report an unusual case of pyogenic granuloma that appeared after the application of liquid nitrogen and 27 percent salicylic acid (Duoplant, Stiefel Inc.) to a verruca vulgaris [4].
• A low-power magnification of multiple large specimens, including the deep margins of the lesion, is required in order to differentiate VSCC from keratosis, verruca vulgaris or SCC with verrucous appearance, and to detect underlying microscopic foci of invasive SCC within or adjacent to a verrucous carcinoma [5].

High impact information on Warts

• Treatment of verruca vulgaris with topical cidofovir [6].
• Because SCCI can be associated with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, the authors evaluated PCNA expression in verruca vulgaris and found a pattern similar to that in SCCI [7].
• No EGF-R were detected in verruca vulgaris [8].
• The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is expressed by keratinocytes in condyloma acuminatum and verruca vulgaris [9].
• Verruca vulgaris following treatment of vitiligo with epidermal grafting [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Warts

• A clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new delivery system for administering salicylic acid for the treatment of verruca vulgaris [11].
• Use of Freon 12 in treating verruca lesions [12].
• Verruca plana juvenilis (plane wart) treated with topical application of acyclovir [13].
• Ten formalin-fixed skin specimens from 10 patients, each with histologically characteristic verruca vulgaris, were excised from paraffin blocks, deparaffinized in xylene, and rehydrated in graded ethanol solutions [14].
• Between 1995 and 2002, 216 patients underwent an isolated course of oral cimetidine therapy for verruca plantaris [15].

Biological context of Warts

• Treatment of verruca vulgaris with topical cidofovir in an immunocompromised patient: a case report and review of the literature [16].

Anatomical context of Warts

• We suggest that CEA and related antigens are not only markers for sweat gland differentiation in the skin, as currently accepted, but are also expressed in various cutaneous keratinous neoplasms and verruca vulgaris [17].
• METHODS: Ten cases of plantar cysts and two cases of verruca plantaris containing single inclusion bodies were obtained by biopsy and examined by the in situ hybridization (ISH) method with a digoxigenin labeled HPV 60 DNA probe [18].

Gene context of Warts

• PCNA staining was extensive in the epidermis underneath the layers where abundant HPV DNA staining was shown in HPV DNA-positive verrucas [19].
• Immunohistochemical demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen and related antigens in various cutaneous keratinous neoplasms and verruca vulgaris [17].
• The aim of this study was to examine the expression of CEA and related antigens in the other cutaneous keratinous neoplasms and verruca vulgaris [17].
• The expression may correlate with the terminal differentiation of the tumour cells, the strong coexpression of CEA and NCA-50/90 may correlate with the malignant potential of the tumour types, and the mechanisms that control the expression of CEA and related antigens in the neoplasms may be similar to those operative in verruca vulgaris [17].
• CONCLUSION: This study shows the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is induced within the epidermis during the development of verruca vulgaris [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Warts

• We conducted a multicenter double-blind study comparing human recombinant intralesional alpha-2 interferon (IFN) and placebo in 237 patients with the clinical diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum or verruca plantaris [20].

References