Disease relevance of Keratoacanthoma

• Forty-one specimens of nonmelanoma carcinomas of the skin were obtained from 32 nonimmunosuppressed patients; these included 26 SCC specimens from 19 patients, 11 BCC specimens from nine patients, and four keratoacanthoma (benign epithelial tumor) specimens from four patients [1].
• A relatively high percentage (30%) of HRAS mutations was found in the keratoacanthomas compared with 13% in the squamous cell carcinomas [2].
• Mucous metaplasia and gap junctions in the vitamin A acid-treated skin tumor, keratoacanthoma [3].
• Lewis lung carcinoma, Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma, and keratoacanthoma [4].
• In papillomas and keratoacanthomas, immunoreactivity for syndecan was observed in the benign hyperplastic epidermal cells as well as in the proliferating epidermal cells of the horn cysts [5].

High impact information on Keratoacanthoma

• Treatment of keratoacanthomas with oral 13-cis-retinoic acid [6].
• Oncogene activation in human benign tumors of the skin (keratoacanthomas): is HRAS involved in differentiation as well as proliferation [2]?
• We used freshly obtained keratoacanthomas as well as Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from both types of tumors [2].
• Amphiregulin overexpression results in rapidly growing keratinocytic tumors: an in vivo xenograft model of keratoacanthoma [7].
• Differences between squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma in angiotensin type-1 receptor expression [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Keratoacanthoma

• Mechanistic studies with tumors from these mice revealed that administration of black tea decreased the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index in squamous cell papillomas, keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas by 56%, 45% and 35%, respectively, and the apoptosis index was increased by 44%, 100% and 95%, respectively [9].
• The mean +/- SEM retinol concentration was normal in basal cell carcinoma (0.60 +/- 0.10 microM) and seborrheic keratosis (0.47 +/- 0.07 microM), but increased in keratoacanthoma (1.60 +/- 0.41 microM) and squamous cell carcinoma (1.17 +/- 0.28 microM) (p < 0.05 for both) [10].
• Treatment of keratoacanthoma with topical fluorouracil [11].
• Intralesional methotrexate in solitary keratoacanthoma [12].
• This is the third report of successful treatment of multiple keratoacanthomas with isotretinoin [13].

Biological context of Keratoacanthoma

• Although the morphology of the lesions in MSSE is similar to classical actinic keratoacanthoma (KA), several distinctive features in clinical presentation and histology have been emphasized [14].
• The presents of LOH at 7 microsatellite markers (D2S286, D3S1317, D5S346, D9S160, D9S171, D10S185, and D17S261) were evaluated in sporadic keratoacanthomas [15].
• METHODS: RNA of 19 human skin tumors including 13 BCC, 4 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC; including 1 keratoacanthoma) and 2 neurofibromas of different size and tumor stage were used for reverse transcription and subsequent PCR amplification of the PH domain of PKB/AKT [16].

Anatomical context of Keratoacanthoma

• Immunohistochemical studies in a wide range of epidermally derived tumours demonstrated expression by keratinocytes of the class II molecule HLA-DR in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (2 of 8 cases) and keratoacanthoma (KA) (2 of 7 cases) [17].
• Langerhans cells (LC) were identified and quantitated in non-inflamed keratoacanthoma (KA), inflamed KA, non-inflamed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and inflamed SCC, by their content of S100 protein [18].
• Differentiation of keratoacanthoma from squamous cell carcinoma on the vermilion mucosa of the lower lip can sometimes be difficult [19].

Gene context of Keratoacanthoma

• Similarly, stronger expression of p53 and COX-2 was detected in 12 (71%) and 11 (65%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma compared to 2 (8%) and 2 (8%) cases of keratoacanthoma respectively [20].
• There is a temporal related increase in expression of VCAM (CD-106) in conjunction with the evolution of keratoacanthoma [21].
• Activating Ki-ras mutations were also found in more than 60% of squamous cell carcinomas and 40% of keratoacanthomas [22].
• ICAM (CD-54) showed an increase in expression in the fully developed keratoacanthoma and was absent in the evolving and resolved keratoacanthoma [21].
• Biological behavior of keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma: telomerase activity and COX-2 as potential markers [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Keratoacanthoma

• We studied 17 well to moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and 24 early proliferative phase keratoacanthoma by immunohistochemistry for the expression of p53 protein, COX-2 and telomerase activity [20].
• BACKGROUND: Vulval Keratoacanthoma (KA) is very rare and its differential diagnosis from the commonly occurring Vulval Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is important to avoid overtreatment [23].
• Pancytopenia after treatment of keratoacanthoma by single lesional methotrexate infiltration [24].
• Forty-one keratoacanthomas (KA) occurring in thirty patients were treated with weekly intralesional injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) [25].
• These nodules were treated by a combination of excision, curettage and electrodesiccation, and oral isotretinoin, 4 mg/d. CONCLUSION: Keratoacanthoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a rapidly growing nodule within or around the surgical site after skin cancer surgery [26].

References