Disease relevance of Dental Calculus

• The mechanism of the formation of dental calculus being considered in this paper is that octacalcium phosphate or brushite is formed during the initial stage of calcification of dental plaque, and is gradually hydrolyzed and transformed into hydroxyapatite and/or whitlockite [1].
• Chlorhexidine showed lower scores for plaque formation and gingivitis development but higher scores of supragingival dental calculus (after 6 months) and tooth staining than did delmopinol [2].

High impact information on Dental Calculus

• Brushite, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, octacalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and whitlockite form the mineral part of dental calculus [3].
• The finding that polysilicic acid could overcome part of the inhibitory effect of a phosphoprotein on calcium phosphate precipitation gave additional support for the idea that polysilicic acid and silica may promote the formation of dental calculus [4].
• Brushite was unexpectedly rare, and no calcite was detected in any portion of human dental calculus [1].
• N,N,N',N'-ethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid)--EDITEMPA--was highly effective in reducing dental calculus formation in beagle dogs when applied topically as a 1% solution or in a mouth rinse [5].
• Rinsing with chlorhexidine resulted in more dental calculus than placebo after 6 months [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dental Calculus

• Dental calculus from the dog was found to consist principally of the calcite form of calcium carbonate mixed with small amounts of apatite; other calcium phosphates, consistently present in human calculus, were not present in dog calculus [6].
• Distribution of fluoride in human dental calculus [7].
• Effect of sodium hexametaphosphate on dental calculus formation in dogs [8].
• Dental calculus proteins were then extracted with EDTA and separated by electrophoresis on 15% polyacrylamide gels [9].
• The purpose of this study was to use the QC to compare the clinical effects of two 5% pyrophosphate dentifrices on dental calculus in subjects following six-months' product use [10].

Gene context of Dental Calculus

• Soluble pyrophosphate (PP) has been introduced in dentifrices to inhibit the formation of dental calculus [11].
• A total of 203 dental calculus deposits on 203 permanent teeth from residents (mean age, 52.1 years) of Nagoya (Japan), Shanghai (China), Leeds (Great Britain) and the Wuhan mountainous area (China, fluoridated area) were analysed [12].
• OBJECTIVE: Two clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the dental calculus control efficacy of Colgate Simply White dentifrice versus a positive and a negative control dentifrice, using a published intra-oral appliance and monitoring the prevention of calcium deposition, an indicator of early dental calculus formation [13].

References