Disease relevance of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• Allophycocyanin from Nostoc sp. phycobilisomes was separated into four spectrally distinct components designated allophycocyanin I, B, II, and III by adsorption chromatography on brushite columns [1].
• Crystal-associated nephropathy in patients with brushite nephrolithiasis [2].
• We performed intraoperative papillary biopsies from kidneys of idiopathic-calcium oxalate (CaOx), intestinal bypass for obesity, brushite (BR) and cystine stone formers (SF) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy [3].
• The clinical history of 30 patients with a total of 46 proved brushite urinary calculi was reviewed [4].
• Brushite encrustation and lithiasis of the prostatic bed after transurethral resection of the prostate [5].

Psychiatry related information on Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• The seasonal changes observed in urine volume, pH, sodium, and the RS of brushite and uric acid are consistent with summertime sweating and increased physical activity [6].

High impact information on Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• The stone-forming urinary environment may be conducive to spontaneous nucleation of calcium salts, since it is generally characterized by a reduced limit of metastability (FPR or minimum supersaturation required for initiation of spontaneous nucleation) and an increased saturation (APR) of calcium oxalate and brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O) [7].
• The inhibitor activity against the spontaneous nucleation of brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O) and calcium oxalate was not altered significantly by bedrest [8].
• Two other calcium-containing crystals, hydroxyapatite and brushite, did not alter OPN gene expression or protein production [9].
• In RT which had similar urinary pH and phosphate (P) than HS, Ca-P supersaturation was lower than in HS for brushite (AP, 3.25 +/- 6.67 vs. 6.01 +/- 4.85, P < 0.001; RS, -0.33 +/- 0.76 vs. 0.48 +/- 0.53, P < 0.001) and octacalcium phosphate (RS, -0.95 +/- 0.72 vs. 0.21 +/- 0.85, P < 0.001), and similar for apatite [10].
• Allophycocyanin from the filamentous cyanophyte, Phormidium luridum, was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion exchange chromatography on brushite columns [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether crystals of hydroxyapatite (HA) or brushite (BR) formed in urine promote the epitaxial deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) from undiluted human urine in vitro and thereby explain the occurrence of phosphate in the core of urinary stones consisting predominantly of CaOx [12].
• Inoculation of the synthetic urine with Ureaplasma urealyticum resulted in alkalinization of the synthetic urine and crystallization of struvite and brushite [13].
• Studies during the Gemini, Apollo, Skylab and Shuttle missions demonstrated alterations in renal function, fluid homeostasis and bone resorption that result in increased urinary supersaturation of calcium oxalate, brushite, sodium urate and uric acid [14].
• Compression, tension and torsion tests were designed and completed successfully on a brushite and a precipitated hydroxyapatite cement in moist condition [15].
• PURPOSE: To measure the hardness of two types of urinary stones: calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM; CaC2O4 . H2O) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite; CaHPO4 . 2H2O) [16].

Biological context of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• Effects of temperature (25 and 37 degrees C), pH (4.9-10.5), and CaF2 on CaHPO4.2H2O (DCPD) hydrolysis were studied in a pH-stat [17].
• Brushite crystals, which stimulate the respiratory burst in pig neutrophils, were found by electron microscopy to be phagocytosed [18].
• Phagocytosis of brushite crystals by pig neutrophils [18].
• RESULTS: Certain urinary stone risk markers were highly heritable, including urinary calcium (94%), oxalate (94%), citrate (95%), uric acid (96%) and brushite supersaturation (90%), as determined by genotype (H2 90% or greater) [19].
• Certainly, the origin of these differences was from the mills used, thus we investigated the influence of instrumental parameters such as the mass and the surface area of the balls or the rotation velocity on the mechanochemical reaction kinetics of DCPD with CaO [20].

Anatomical context of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• Bone tissue incorporates in vitro gallium with a local structure similar to gallium-doped brushite [21].
• Roots of extracted human molars were treated for both 10 and 30 min with a saturated solution of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) of pH 2.4 and subsequently with a 5.3 mmol.L-1 solution of sodium fluoride of pH 7 [22].
• Large brushite stone in a dilated prostatic urethra [23].
• Selected area diffraction analyses indicated that hydroxyapatite microcrystals were embedded in microfibrils with a diameter of 4.5 nm and well-banded fibrils, whereas brushite particles of 15-20 nm in an irregular shape were located in the noncollagenous organic matter around the nonmineralized, ordered collagen fibrils [24].
• In this study, we quantified the functions of osteoblasts in the presence of beta-TCP, brushite and cement particles [25].

Associations of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate with other chemical compounds

• The same six calculi were fragmented in vitro in the Dornier HM3 lithotriptor by 200 shocks at 18 KV and the percent weight of each calculus able to be filtered through a two mm. sieve was determined; COD and uric acid (100%); COM (64%); struvite (57%); brushite (47%); cystine (16%) [26].
• The purpose of this study was to determine whether a two-step DCPD and inorganic wash with fluoride can remineralize artificial caries-like lesions in vitro [27].
• Defluoridation of water at high pH with use of brushite, calcium hydroxide, and bone char [28].
• Depending upon local conditions, brushite (CaHPO4 x 2 H2O) cements may be largely resorbed or (following hydrolysis to hydroxyapatite) remain stable in vivo [29].
• The most important determinants for ion-activity products of calcium phosphate and brushite were calcium, phosphate, citrate, urine volume, and pH [30].

Gene context of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• Renal epithelial cells exposed to brushite crystals produce MCP-1 [31].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Crystallization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and brushite (DCPD) in the presence and absence of 2 new semisynthetic sulphated polysaccharides (G871, G872) were defined by a constant composition technique, particle size analysis and zeta potential measurement [32].
• Based on band fitting and second derivative results from the spectra it was found that the conformation of the adsorbed BSA changes during the brushite transformation to HA [33].
• Ionic modification of calcium phosphate cement viscosity. Part II: hypodermic injection and strength improvement of brushite cement [34].
• Active crystals were urate, hydroxyapatite, pyrophosphate and brushite; diamond and cholesterol were inactive [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate

• We performed kinetic studies using the dual constant composition method to simultaneously analyze the crystallization of COM and brushite, the form of calcium phosphate that is most readily formed in the typical slightly acidic urinary milieu [36].
• METHODS: We studied all ten brushite stone formers treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) during the past 3 years using digital video imaging of renal papillae, and obtained cortical and papillary biopsies [2].
• Among these new bone substitution materials, brushite cements have the advantage of being injectable and resorbable [37].
• Lower body negative pressure chamber treadmill exercise offers some protection against increases in stone risk during simulated microgravity, particularly with regard to the risks of hypercalciuria and brushite stone formation [14].
• The effect of oral administration of magnesium oxide on the crystallization in urine of calcium oxalate and brushite was determined in 4 cases of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis [38].

References