Disease relevance of palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• Effect of ambient temperature on the toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol in weanling mice [1].
• In contrast, the interstitial pneumonitis, usually observed when palmitoyl glycerol is fed, was found in the lungs of animals at all temperatures [1].
• When fed the palmitoyl glycerol, mice less than 6 wk old show a pronounced hypothermia that is prevented by adding safflower oil to the diet [2].

High impact information on palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• NEST also catalyzed the hydrolysis of monoacylglycerols, preferring the 1-acyl to the 2-acyl isomer (V(max) approximately 1 micromol/min/mg and K(m) approximately 0.4 mm for 1-palmitoylglycerol) [3].
• The inhibitory activities of 1-monopalmitin and its related compounds suggested that the inhibition of P-gp activity was not dependent on the degree of unsaturation of fatty acid in the monoglyceride, but on the chain length [4].
• Toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol to mice: depression of thyroid function [5].
• Toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol to mice: hypothermia and reversal of the toxicity [2].
• Once body temperature fell below 28 degrees C, replacing the toxic monoacylglycerol with safflower oil and/or raising the environmental temperature to 34 degrees C did not reverse the ultimate fatality caused by palmitoyl glycerol ingestion [2].

Biological context of palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• There are no differences between mice fed linoleate and those that were not in: the rate of absorption of palmitoyl glycerol, oxidative phosphorylation by liver or heart mitochondria, excretion of carbon dioxide and tissue distribution of radioactivity following gavage of rac-1(3)-[1-14C]palmitoyl glycerol [6].
• In vivo absorption studies coupled with in vitro experiments with pancreatic lipase suggest that the major protective effects result from increased lipolysis of the acylated palmitoyl glycerol, causing conversion to the less toxic free palmitic acid [7].
• A similar shift in the acyl-CoA concentration-enzyme activity relationship was observed in the acylation reaction of 1-palmitoylglycerol 3-P by the heart microsomes [8].

Anatomical context of palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• These findings show that the thyroid gland is affected by the palmitoyl glycerol diet [5].

Associations of palmitic acid glyceryl ester with other chemical compounds

• The closely related hydrolases with the highest isoelectric points (pI 6.2 and 6.4) were most active with palmitoyl-CoA and palmitoyl glycerol [9].
• Radioactivity from intraperitoneally or intraportally injected 1-acyl-snglycero-3-phosphorylcholine, doubly labelled in either palmitoyl, glycerol or phosphoryl moities, was incorporated largely into disaturated or mixed disaturated-oligoenoic fractions of phosphatidylcholine in guinea pig liver [10].

Gene context of palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• Similarly, except for plasma cholesterol esters, there were no differences in fatty acid composition between mice fed palmitoyl glycerol as the only fat or supplemented with a protective unsaturated fat [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of palmitic acid glyceryl ester

• The HPLC fraction having the highest activity was analyzed by (1)H-NMR and FAB-MS, and the active compound was identified as 1-monopalmitin [4].

References