Disease relevance of bismuth

• Pretargeting radioimmunotherapy of a murine model of adult T-cell leukemia with the alpha-emitting radionuclide, bismuth 213 [1].
• Bismuth-213 is a short-lived (t 1/2 = 46 min) radionuclide that emits high energy alpha-particles with an effective range of 0.07-0.10 mm that are ideally suited to treating single-celled neoplasms and micrometastatic carcinomas [2].
• In vitro cytotoxicity of bismuth-213 (213Bi)-labeled-plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (alpha-PAI-2) on human breast cancer cells [3].
• BACKGROUND: Using a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), B-B4, coupled to bismuth-213 ((213)Bi) by a chelating agent (CITC-DTPA), the feasibility of alpha-radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for multiple myeloma (MM) has been demonstrated previously [4].
• An alpha-emitting immunoconjugate (AIC) against malignant melanoma was prepared from the radioisotope bismuth-213 and a melanoma monoclonal antibody, and was used to control the growth of subcutaneous melanoma in a nude mouse model [5].

High impact information on bismuth

• Selective T-cell ablation with bismuth-213-labeled anti-TCRalphabeta as nonmyeloablative conditioning for allogeneic canine marrow transplantation [6].
• Comparison of the radiotoxicity of two alpha-particle-emitting immunoconjugates, terbium-149 and bismuth-213, directed against a tumor-specific, exon 9 deleted (d9) E-cadherin adhesion protein [7].
• Radiotoxicity of bismuth-213 bound to membranes of monolayer and spheroid cultures of tumor cells [8].
• Comparison of the biologic effects of MA5 and B-B4 monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine-131 and bismuth-213 on multiple myeloma [4].
• OBJECTIVES: The key objective of the study was to determine the single and multiple dose toxicity and efficacy of Bismuth-213 labeled PAI2 based targeted alpha therapy by selectively targeting uPA and uPAR in regressing prostate cancer in a nude mouse model [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of bismuth

• We have recently demonstrated the feasibility of using RIT for treating murine cryptococcosis using a monoclonal antibody to Crypto-coccus neoformans capsular glucuronoxylomannan labeled with Bismuth-213 or Rhenium-188 [10].
• METHODS AND FINDINGS: Antibodies to HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 labeled with radioisotopes bismuth 213 ((213)Bi) and rhenium 188 ((188)Re) selectively killed chronically HIV-1-infected human T cells and acutely HIV-1-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) in vitro [11].

Biological context of bismuth

• In vivo studies of pharmacokinetics and efficacy of Bismuth-213 labeled antimelanoma monoclonal antibody 9.2.27 [12].

Associations of bismuth with other chemical compounds

• Conversely, alpha-particle immunotherapy with isotopes such as bismuth-213 or actinium-225 offers the possibility of selective tumour cell kill while sparing surrounding normal cells [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of bismuth

• Radioimmunotherapy with bismuth-213 as conditioning for nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in dogs: a dose deescalation study [14].
• Targeted beta-particle immunotherapy with agents such as bismuth 213-labeled HuM195 offers the possibility of a more selective tumor cell kill with less damage to surrounding normal cells [15].
• Preclinical studies of bismuth-213 labeled plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI2) in a prostate cancer nude mouse xenograft model [9].

References