Disease relevance of Radioimmunotherapy

• Lymphoma xenograft studies with Raji-xenograft mice were used to assess the toxicity and efficacy of HB22.7 alone and with combined modality immunotherapy (CMIT) with yttrium (90)Y-DOTA-peptide-Lym-1 radioimmunotherapy (RIT) [1].
• Pretargeting radioimmunotherapy of a murine model of adult T-cell leukemia with the alpha-emitting radionuclide, bismuth 213 [2].
• Subsequent chemotherapy regimens are well tolerated after radioimmunotherapy with yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [3].
• Iodine-131-anti-B1 radioimmunotherapy for B-cell lymphoma [4].
• CONCLUSION: The A33 antigen appears to be a promising target for radioimmunotherapy of colon cancer [5].

High impact information on Radioimmunotherapy

• Reduction by anti-antibody administration of the radiotoxicity associated with 131I-labeled antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen in cancer radioimmunotherapy [6].
• These properties suggest that antibodies with reduced Fc receptor interaction merit additional study as potential targeting vehicles relative to other isotypes for radioimmunotherapy or situations where diminished normal tissue binding contributes to efficacy [7].
• Bismuth-212-labeled anti-Tac monoclonal antibody: alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides as modalities for radioimmunotherapy [8].
• Pivotal study of iodine-131-labeled chimeric tumor necrosis treatment radioimmunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer [9].
• Effect of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta inhibition with STI571 on radioimmunotherapy [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Radioimmunotherapy

• Local hyperthermia and SR 4233 enhance the antitumor effects of radioimmunotherapy in nude mice with human colonic adenocarcinoma xenografts [11].
• Low-dose radioimmunotherapy ((90)Y-PAM4) combined with gemcitabine for the treatment of experimental pancreatic cancer [12].
• Role of biotin-binding affinity in streptavidin-based pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of lymphoma [13].
• We previously found that the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with (131)I-A7, an IgG(1) against M(r) 45000 glycoprotein on colon cancer, was enhanced by local hyperthermia (HT) or chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) [14].
• A prospective study was conducted (1986-1988) to evaluate the use of Indium-111 (111In)-labeled anti-EGFr-425 in the localization of gliomas before radioimmunotherapy with Iodine-125 (125I)-labeled anti-EGFr-425 [15].

Biological context of Radioimmunotherapy

• Factors influencing the pharmacokinetics, dosimetry, and diagnostic accuracy of radioimmunodetection and radioimmunotherapy of carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing tumors [16].
• High-linear energy transfer (LET) alpha versus low-LET beta emitters in radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors: therapeutic efficacy and dose-limiting toxicity of 213Bi- versus 90Y-labeled CO17-1A Fab' fragments in a human colonic cancer model [17].
• The normal tissue distribution after the peritoneal administration implies that pretargeting using L-structure polylysine as the effector molecule may give a higher therapeutic index than that achieved in conventional radioimmunotherapy [18].
• Neither doxorubicin nor paclitaxel combined with alpha radioimmunotherapy increased the level of apoptosis induced by either drug alone or alpha radioimmunotherapy alone [19].
• Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel macrocyclic ligands with pendent donor groups as potential yttrium chelators for radioimmunotherapy with improved complex formation kinetics [20].

Anatomical context of Radioimmunotherapy

• Possible approaches to these challenges, including high-dose radioimmunotherapy and chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation, the use of radionuclides such as yttrium 90 (90Y) and copper 67 (67Cu), and the development of humanized and bifunctional antibodies, are under investigation [21].
• The scientific basis for the clinical use of this antibody in radioimmunotherapy is that resting normal cells do not express the interleukin 2 receptor, whereas the receptor is expressed on the surface of certain neoplasms and by activated T-cells in select autoimmune diseases and in allograft rejection [22].
• Doxorubicin combined with alpha radioimmunotherapy increased tail DNA in the RPMI 8226 cell line but not the LP1 or U266 cell lines compared with doxorubicin alone or alpha radioimmunotherapy alone [19].
• Thyroid radiation doses during radioimmunotherapy of CEA-expressing tumours with 131I-labelled monoclonal antibodies [23].
• Two patients with germ cell testicular cancer were submitted to radioimmunotherapy (RIT) by using the monoclonal antibody 131I-radiolabelled (MoAb) H17E2, raised against placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) [24].

Associations of Radioimmunotherapy with chemical compounds

• This phase III randomized study compares the novel radioimmunotherapy yttrium-90 ((90)Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan with a control immunotherapy, rituximab, in 143 patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular, or transformed CD20(+) transformed NHL [25].
• Direct radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies with generator-produced rhenium-188 for radioimmunotherapy: labeling and animal biodistribution studies [26].
• Thus, these four chelating agents were very stable in vivo and suitable for yttrium-monoclonal antibody radioimmunotherapy [27].
• Enhanced antitumor activity of combination radioimmunotherapy (131I-labeled monoclonal antibody A33) with chemotherapy (fluorouracil) [28].
• The radioimmunotherapy group was pretreated with two rituximab doses (250 mg/m(2)) to improve biodistribution and one dose of indium-111 ibritumomab tiuxetan for imaging and dosimetry [25].

Gene context of Radioimmunotherapy

• These results suggest that: (a) specific radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-ZCE025 selectively kills cells that express higher levels of CEA; (b) the immunophenotype of the surviving fraction of the tumor appears to slowly revert to its original form; and (c) other tumor markers unrelated to CEA can also be affected [29].
• The human E48 Ag was originally identified as a target Ag for radioimmunotherapy of patients with squamous cell carcinoma [30].
• During weeks 2-5 after radioimmunotherapy, significantly up-regulated tumor cell VEGF was only detected in HT-29 (immunohistochemistry; 2-fold; week 4; P < 0.05) [31].
• After radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) surviving tumor cells upregulate angiogenic growth factors, including placenta growth factor (PlGF), in a tumor-specific pattern [32].
• Although uptake of In-111 anti-CEA into tumors was lower than that for In-111-labeled anti-Her2, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with Y-90 anti-CEA was equivalent to that of Y-90 anti-Her2 [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Radioimmunotherapy

• The results of the present study indicate that 17-1A chimeric IgG1 antibody may be the best choice for clinical radioimmunodetection and radioimmunotherapy studies [34].
• The resurgent tumors were also studied by immunohistochemistry with MAbs detecting different epitopes of CEA, keratin, TAG-72, and epithelial membrane antigen to evaluate possible additional immunophenotypic changes induced by radioimmunotherapy [29].
• Finally, contrast agents conjugated with either monoclonal antibodies or with avidin are able to function as tumor-specific contrast agents and might also be employed as either gadolinium neutron capture therapy or in conjunction with radioimmunotherapy [35].
• In this review we will discuss the progress made in the treatment of pancreatic cancer over the past few years and discuss future therapies such as: immunoradiotherapy, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis therapies, gene therapy, immunotherapy, ONYX-015, and farnesylation inhibitors [36].
• Increases in serum breast epithelial mucin values are only found after a significant threshold of tumor load is reached and only when a highly increased release of the marker is created by radioimmunotherapy [37].

References