Disease relevance of GLIPR1

• A novel gene, RTVP-1, which shows significant sequence identity to the mammalian testis-specific proteins, a family of plant pathogenesis-related proteins and the vespid venom allergen, antigen-5, has been isolated from a cDNA library of the human glioblastoma brain tumor cell line, U-251 MG [1].
• Multiple mRNAs encoded by RTVP-1 were highly expressed in a panel of cell lines from nervous system tumors arising from glia, although expression was low or absent in nonglial-derived nervous system tumor cell lines [1].
• We further document epigenetic changes consistent with RTVP-1 being a tumor suppressor in human prostate cancer [2].
• Structure comparison of human glioma pathogenesis-related protein GliPR and the plant pathogenesis-related protein P14a indicates a functional link between the human immune system and a plant defense system [3].
• The GLIPR gene is highly expressed in the human brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme/astrocytoma, but neither in normal fetal or adult brain tissue, nor in other nervous system tumors [4].

High impact information on GLIPR1

• The human glioma pathogenesis-related protein (GliPR) is highly expressed in the brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme and exhibits 35% amino acid sequence identity with the tomato pathogenesis-related (PR) protein P14a, which has an important role for the plant defense system [3].
• This cluster is conserved in all known plant PR proteins of class 1, indicating a common putative active site for GliPR and PR-1 proteins and thus a functional link between the human immune system and a plant defense system [3].
• In this study, we examined the expression and functions of related to testes-specific, vespid, and pathogenesis protein 1 (RTVP-1) in glioma cells [5].
• Overexpression of RTVP-1 increased astrocyte and glioma cell proliferation and the anchorage-independent growth of the cells [5].
• Transfection of glioma cells with small interfering RNAs targeting RTVP-1 decreased cell proliferation in all the cell lines examined and induced cell apoptosis in some of them [5].

Biological context of GLIPR1

• Identification and characterization of RTVP1/GLIPR1-like genes, a novel p53 target gene cluster [6].
• In this report, we document that the human RTVP-1 gene is also regulated by p53 and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines [2].
• RTVP-1, a tumor suppressor inactivated by methylation in prostate cancer [2].
• We previously identified a novel p53 target gene, RTVP-1, that possesses unique cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities which make it potentially useful for cancer gene therapy [7].
• To delineate the molecular mechanisms involved in the survival effects of RTVP-1, we examined the expression and phosphorylation of various apoptosis-related proteins [5].

Anatomical context of GLIPR1

• RTVP-1, a novel human gene with sequence similarity to genes of diverse species, is expressed in tumor cell lines of glial but not neuronal origin [1].
• Northern hybridization analysis revealed that in fetal tissue RTVP-1 RNA was detected only in the kidney, but its expression was ubiquitous in adult tissues including brain [1].

Other interactions of GLIPR1

• The increased invasive potential of the RTVP-1 overexpressors was also shown by the increased activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in these cells [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GLIPR1

• A molecular model of GliPR was computed with the distance geometry program DIANA on the basis of a P14a-GliPR sequence alignment and a set of 1,200 experimental NMR conformational constraints collected with P14a [3].

References