Disease relevance of Nervous System Neoplasms

• OBJECTIVE--To define the DNA mutation causing neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), a severe genetic disorder involving the development of multiple nervous system tumors in adulthood, in a large, well-studied NF2 pedigree previously used to chromosomally map and to isolate the disease gene [1].
• SIRs were significantly increased for endocrine tumors other than thyroid cancer (1.93) and for lymphomas (1.24), leukemias (1.34), and nervous system tumors (1.19) [2].
• Germ-line deletion involving the INK4 locus in familial proneness to melanoma and nervous system tumors [3].
• Individuals affected with the neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) tumor predisposition syndrome are prone to the development of multiple nervous system tumors, including optic pathway gliomas (OPG) [4].
• Individuals with the tumor predisposition syndrome, neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), are prone to development of nervous system tumors, including neurofibromas and pilocytic astrocytomas [5].

Psychiatry related information on Nervous System Neoplasms

• In children, brain symptoms cause most of the morbidity in TSC, and nerve sheath and nervous system tumors as well as learning disabilities cause major morbidity in NF1 [6].

High impact information on Nervous System Neoplasms

• Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a dominant genetic disorder characterized by multiple benign and malignant nervous system tumors, and by learning defects in 45% of children with NF1 mutations [7].
• Neurofibromatosis type I (NFI) is a common genetic disorder that causes nervous system tumors, and learning and memory defects in humans, and animal models [8].
• Coexpression of erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor in nervous system tumors associated with von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene loss of function [9].
• Expression of alternatively terminated unusual human butyrylcholinesterase messenger RNA transcripts, mapping to chromosome 3q26-ter, in nervous system tumors [10].
• Increased expression of actin-like protein in human and ethylnitrosourea-induced tumors of the nervous system [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Nervous System Neoplasms

• Temozolomide, an imidazole tetrazinone, and CPT-11, a camptothecin derivative, have previously been shown to have anti-central nervous system tumor activity in laboratory and clinical studies [12].
• ZD6474, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor, inhibits tumor growth of multiple nervous system tumors [13].
• The hexose monophosphate pathway in ethylnitrosourea induced tumors of the nervous system [14].
• 3-Oxo acid coenzyme A transferase activity in brain and tumors of the nervous system [15].
• Feeding pregnant animals nitrosamide precursors (e.g., sodium nitrite and an alkylamide such as ethylurea) causes a high incidence of nervous system tumors in offspring [16].

Biological context of Nervous System Neoplasms

• Family studies and tumor analyses have combined to indicate that neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), a disorder characterized by multiple benign tumors of the nervous system, and sporadic non-inherited forms of the same tumor types are both caused by inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene located in 22q12 [17].
• Cell-cycle inhibitor p27/Kip-1 expression in non-astrocytic and non-oligodendrocytic human nervous system tumors [18].
• Hypermethylation of the DNA repair gene MGMT: association with TP53 G:C to A:T transitions in a series of 469 nervous system tumors [19].
• This study investigated the effects of chronic administration of thalidomide on three different neoplasms of ectodermic origin in rodents: 1) chemically induced tumors of the nervous system of rats by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea; 2) transplanted RPMI-1846 melanoma in hamsters and 3) transplanted C6 glioblastoma in rats [20].

Anatomical context of Nervous System Neoplasms

• The human ENC-1 gene appeared to be highly expressed in adult brain and spinal cord, and in a number of cell lines derived from nervous system tumors we detected low steady-state levels of ENC-1 mRNA [21].
• These results indicate a moderately widespread distribution of the CD34 antigen in nervous system tumors, and necessitate caution in making conclusions regarding endothelial cell differentiation of nervous system tumors on the basis of CD34 immunoreactivity [22].
• OBJECTIVE: Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1, a chemotactic and mitogenic factor for macrophages and microglia, is expressed in a variety of nervous system tumors and when present in nonneural malignancies, is associated with marked inflammatory infiltrates, dissemination, and poorer prognosis [23].
• Kidney, spleen, liver, salivary gland and testes expressed little or no Thy-l. Several cell lines derived from nervous system tumors were also examined [24].
• Tumors of other types were uncommon, except that ethylnitrosourea and ethylnitrosohydroxyethylurea induced tumors of the cervix in about half of the animals and ethylnitrosooxopropylurea induced some nervous system tumors [25].

Gene context of Nervous System Neoplasms

• Somatostatin analogs labeled with radionuclides are of considerable interest in the diagnosis and therapy of SSTR-expressing tumors, such as gastroenteropancreatic, small cell lung, breast and frequently nervous system tumors [26].
• Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder that predisposes to benign tumors of the nervous system as well as a variety of ocular abnormalities [27].
• These data suggest that MGMT silencing as a result of promoter hypermethylation may lead to G:C to A:T transition mutations in the TP53 gene of some histological nervous system tumor subtypes [19].
• CD34 immunoreactivity in nervous system tumors [22].
• Immunohistochemical labeling indices (LI) of PCNA and Ki-67 were compared using an avidin-biotin complex method on frozen sections of 27 nervous system tumors [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Nervous System Neoplasms

• We also carried out APO2L immunohistochemistry in a total of 115 tumors of the nervous system with different histogenesis and biological behavior [29].
• In the case of tumors of the nervous system (TNS), one of the most accurate diagnostic tests is magnetic resonance imaging [30].

References