Disease relevance of Prkg2

• Expression of type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase in rat kidney is regulated by dehydration and correlated with renin gene expression [1].

High impact information on Prkg2

• Recently we reported the cloning of the cDNA for type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK II), which is highly enriched in intestinal mucosa but was also detected for the first time in kidney [1].
• Endogenous type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase exists as a dimer in membranes and can Be functionally distinguished from the type I isoforms [2].
• These results indicate that cGKII, in contrast to cGKI alpha, is a potential activator of chloride transport in CFTR-expressing cell types [3].
• In both cell models, in the presence of cGMP and ATP, cGKII was found to mimic the effect of the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAK) on opening CFTR-Cl-channels, albeit with different kinetics (2-3-min lag time, reduced rate of activation) [3].
• Western blotting showed that type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK II) is widely expressed in various brain regions, especially in the thalamus [4].

Biological context of Prkg2

• Binding to GC-C results in generation of cGMP, activation of type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase, phosphorylation of CFTR and increased chloride and bicarbonate secretion [5].

Anatomical context of Prkg2

• One important class of target molecules for cGMP is cGMP-dependent protein kinases, and in the present study, biochemical and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrate the widespread distribution of type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase in rat brain, from the cerebral cortex to the brainstem and cerebellum [6].

Associations of Prkg2 with chemical compounds

• The slow activation by cGKII could not be ascribed to counteracting protein phosphatases, since neither calyculin A, a potent inhibitor of phosphatase 1 and 2A, nor ATP gamma S (adenosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate)), producing stable thiophosphorylation, was able to enhance the activation kinetics [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prkg2

• The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the cGMP-dependent protein kinases cGKI and cGKII in rat cerebellum was evaluated at different developmental stages by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. mRNAs coding for these proteins were detected in the cerebella of rats aged 7, 14 and 21 days [7].
• A PCR product with the size predicted from the type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK II) cDNA was detected in various regions of the brain, with highest expression in the thalamus [8].

References