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Gene Review:

LTA - lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)

Sus scrofa

Walter, I. et al., de Haan, L. et al., Parillo, F. et al., Jones, C.J. et al., von Albertini, M. et al., et al.

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High impact information on LTA

Western blotting of NK cell and membrane extracts detected the presence of Lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha [1].
These results indicate that, although the LTA chain plays an important role in the mucosal immunogenicity of LT including priming of the common mucosal immune system, extremely low amounts of the LT holotoxin suffice for the induction of high antibody responses to LTB, the trace LT and LTB acting in a synergistic fashion [2].
This stage of pregnancy was also associated with changes in trophoblast glycan expression, with a diminution in staining intensity of AHA, MPA and LTA, but an increased intensity with ECA, SBA and WFA [3].
Prominent regional differences in glycoconjugate expression were shown in oviductal segments by LTA and HPA binding: during the follicular phase, LTA binding sites were only present on epithelial cells of the isthmic segment, the ampulla and infundibulum being unreactive [4].
The glycocalyx of uterine epithelial cells was clearly defined by HPA, WGA, LTA, RCA I and UEA I; LTA binding was restricted to the secretory phase [4].

Biological context of LTA

LTA, HPA and WGA reacted strongly with Golgi regions and secretory granules in the oviduct epithelium during the follicular phase, indicating high secretory activity [4].

Anatomical context of LTA

LTA, HPA, and UEA I also revealed a varying carbohydrate composition of the glycocalyx during the oestrous cycle [4].
In the present investigation, binding patterns of Con A, HPA, LTA, RCA I, UEA I, and WGA were studied in defined segments of the oviduct (infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus) and in the uterus during the oestrous cycle [4].
DBA, UEA-I and LTA bound weakly or not to the spermatozoa [5].
The zona pellucida was stained with periodic acid-Schiff, low iron diamine, high iron diamine, and nine different lectin horseradish conjugates: Con-A, SBA, DBA, PNA, RCA-I, GSA-II, WGA, LTA and UEA-I [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LTA

Furthermore, LTalpha was secreted in NK:EC co-cultures [1].

References

Membrane-associated lymphotoxin on natural killer cells activates endothelial cells via an NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. von Albertini, M., Ferran, C., Brostjan, C., Bach, F.H., Goodman, D.J. Transplantation (1998) [Pubmed]
Mucosal immunogenicity of the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin: role of the A subunit. de Haan, L., Holtrop, M., Verweij, W.R., Agsteribbe, E., Wilschut, J. Vaccine (1996) [Pubmed]
Changes in glycan distribution within the porcine interhaemal barrier during gestation. Jones, C.J., Dantzer, V., Stoddart, R.W. Cell Tissue Res. (1995) [Pubmed]
Lectin binding patterns of porcine oviduct mucosa and endometrium during the oestrous cycle. Walter, I., Bavdek, S. J. Anat. (1997) [Pubmed]
Lectin histochemistry during in vitro capacitation and acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa: new lectins for evaluating acrosomal status of boar spermatozoa. Vazquez, J.M., Martinez, E., Pastor, L.M., Roca, J., Matas, C., Calvo, A. Acta Histochem. (1996) [Pubmed]
Characterization of the complex carbohydrates in the zona pellucida of mammalian oocytes using lectin histochemistry. Parillo, F., Stradaioli, G., Dall'Aglio, C., Verini-Supplizi, A. Vet. Res. Commun. (1996) [Pubmed]

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