Disease relevance of Armoracia

• Variations of endocytic and of lysosomal functions during the cell cycle have been investigated in synchronized hepatoma cells (derived from Morris hepatoma 7288c) by following the cellular uptake of horseradish peroxidase, dextran (mol wt. 70,000), and chloroquine [1].
• Addition of EGF to human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells increases the rate of fluid-phase pinocytosis 6-10-fold as measured by horseradish peroxidase uptake (Haigler, H.T., J. A. McKanna, and S. Cohen. 1979. J. Cell Biol. 83:82-90) [2].
• Addition of poly-L-ornithine (molecular weight 200,000) at 3-30 microgram/ml, a condition known to cause enhancement of 125I-labeled human serum albumin uptake by mouse sarcoma cells, has no visible effect on the cellular uptake of native horseradish peroxidase [3].
• To assess if Tat can carry other molecules into cells, we chemically cross-linked Tat peptides (residues 1-72 or 37-72) to beta-galactosidase, horseradish peroxidase, RNase A, and domain III of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) and monitored uptake colorimetrically or by cytotoxicity [4].
• The role of the subthalamic nucleus in experimental chorea. Evidence from 2-deoxyglucose metabolic mapping and horseradish peroxidase tracing studies [5].

Psychiatry related information on Armoracia

• Small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase, [3H]leucine, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, or biocytin) were made at physiologically defined sites in the central nucleus representing major components of the bat's echolocation signal [6].

High impact information on Armoracia

• Chloro- and myeloperoxidases catalyze oxidation of all halide ions, except F-; oxidation of bromide and iodide is mediated by lactoperoxidase, but horseradish peroxidase only oxidizes iodide [7].
• All of the above enzymes except horseradish will oxidize the pseudo halide thiocyanate [7].
• The procedure involves the selective amplification of a segment of the human beta-globin gene with oligonucleotide primers and a thermostable DNA polymerase, followed by hybridization of the amplified DNA with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes covalently labeled with horseradish peroxidase [8].
• After treatment with concanavalin A (Con A), the glycolipid (a lipophosphonoglycan, LPG) was labeled with colloidal gold coated with horseradish peroxidase [9].
• The extent of communication was examined by monitoring for the presence of ionic coupling, the transfer of injected fluorescein (molecular weight 330) and the transfer of injected horseradish peroxidase (molecular weight 40,000) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Armoracia

• RESULTS: After normothermic brain ischemia, normoglycemic rats (plasma glucose level, 115 +/- 3 mg/dl) demonstrated extravasated horseradish peroxidase mainly restricted to the cerebral cortex [11].
• Examination of the blood-to-brain transfer of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid and horseradish peroxidase: regional alterations in blood-brain barrier function following acute hypertension [12].
• Thrombosis of the CCA was produced by a rose bengal-mediated photochemical insult and regional patterns of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption were documented by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) histochemistry at 15 min (n = 12), 4 h (n = 3), 1 day (n = 5) or 7 days (n = 5) after vascular injury [13].
• Antihuman complement component C3 labeled with horseradish peroxidase was used to reveal the ultrastructural localization of complement in two cases of bullous pemphigoid [14].
• The capacity of megakaryocytes to take up particles and macromolecules was tested by exposing them to homologous erythrocytes, latex particles, Micrococcus lysodeikticus, and horseradish peroxidase [15].

Biological context of Armoracia

• The structures of the active sites of horseradish and cytochrome c peroxidase, prototypical peroxidases with an imidazole heme ligand, suggest that small substrates are generally oxidized by peroxidases at the delta-meso edge of the heme group [16].
• We have studies, therefore, the glomerular permeability of macromolecules with widely different molecular configuration such as horseradish peroxidase, a plant glycoprotein with an isoelectric point in the physiologic pH range, and dextran, an uncharged sugar polymer of D-glucopyranose [17].
• Culture supernatants did not directly stimulate electrogenic chloride secretion by HT29 cl.19A cells, but epithelial barrier capacity was altered as shown by the significant decrease in electrical resistance (85 +/- 17 vs. 135 +/- 14 omega.cm2 in controls) and the increases in intact horseradish peroxidase, [14C]mannitol, and 22Na+ fluxes [18].
• Treatment of thioglycolate-elicited macrophages with mouse beta-interferon markedly reduces pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran but stimulates phagocytosis of IgG-coated sheep erythrocytes [19].
• Carbachol inhibited the uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or Lucifer yellow (markers of fluid-phase endocytosis) in both M1- and M3-containing cells but not in wild-type cells, whereas isoproterenol did not affect pinocytosis in cells transfected with beta-adrenergic receptors [20].

Anatomical context of Armoracia

• The diffusion of horseradish peroxidase was restricted to layers I and II of the striate cortex in Tupaia glis and Galago senegalensis [21].
• Cerebellar Purkinje neurons accumulated propidium iodide, granular blue, and horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin but not unconjugated horseradish peroxidase, bisbenzimide, or Evans blue when these compounds were infused into the lateral cerebral ventricles of awake, unrestrained rats [22].
• By an alternate measurement technique in which scopoletin and horseradish peroxidase were present in the dialysate from time zero, the mean amount of H2O2 in the dialysate reached 4.0 +/- 1.3 nmol/2.5 x 10(7) granulocytes at 20 min [23].
• Cholera toxin (CT), covalently attached to horseradish peroxidase (HRP), is a specific cytochemical marker for GM1 ganglioside (GM1) and retains the ability of the native toxin to raise levels of cyclic AMP in avian erythrocytes [24].
• Cytochemical localization using EGF coupled to horseradish peroxidase (EGF-HRP) revealed that the receptors were distributed along the entire sinusoidal and lateral surfaces of hepatocytes [25].

Associations of Armoracia with chemical compounds

• Here we describe an effective strategy to obtain crystal structures for high-valency redox intermediates and present a three-dimensional movie of the X-ray-driven catalytic reduction of a bound dioxygen species in horseradish peroxidase (HRP) [26].
• In such experiments donor tissue has been distinguished from host by injection into graft cells of horseradish peroxidase or radioactive leucine or by detecting biogenic molecules in the grafted tissue with antibodies [27].
• A single injection of horseradish peroxidase in 10 to 15 percent DMSO into the tail vein along with 10 to 15 percent DMSO delivered intraperitoneally allowed horseradish peroxidase to fill the extracellular clefts throughout the brain within 2 hours [28].
• The oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) catalyzed by the enzyme horseradish peroxidase with continuous input of oxygen was studied; NAD+ is continuously recycled to NADH through a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase system [29].
• In contrast, 3-chlorotyrosine was undetectable in LDL oxidized by hydroxyl radical, copper, iron, hemin, glucose, peroxynitrite, horseradish peroxidase, lactoperoxidase, or lipoxygenase [30].

Gene context of Armoracia

• Specifically, only APN-positive BC supported excretion of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and 70-kd dextran, but had no relationship with secretion of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) [31].
• This same eight-line spectrum was observed when human myeloperoxidase or bovine lactoperoxidase was substituted for horseradish peroxidase [32].
• BFA (1.6 micrograms/ml) markedly enhanced the transcytosis of 125I-labeled Tf (125I-Tf) in both apical-to-basal and basal-to-apical directions; yet, BFA did not enhance the transcytosis of either native horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or membrane-bound HRP-poly(L-lysine) conjugates [33].
• The fluid phase endocytic marker horseradish peroxidase gained access to the endosomal Cdk2, confirming its localization [34].
• After incubation of Raji cells at 37 degrees C with both fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and horseradish peroxidase conjugates, DBP was internalized and could be localized in the cytoplasm [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Armoracia

• The proportions of morphologically horseradish peroxidase-positive junctions increased from 4% to 15% after 21 days of ethinylestradiol and to 56% after ligation [36].
• Control experiments included perfusion with: (a) unlabeled lectin before lectin conjugate; (b) labeled lectin together with the cognate hapten sugar, and (c) horseradish peroxidase or ferritin alone [37].
• The binding and internalization of a model lysosomal enzyme, beta-galactosidase, was visualized by use of rabbit anti-beta-galactosidase and goat anti-rabbit IgG; the second antibody was labeled with rhodamine or fluorescein (for detection by fluorescence) or with horseradish peroxidase (for electron microscopy) [38].
• The nature of bonding interactions between Fe(III) and NO in the ferric nitrosyl complexes of myoglobin (Mb), hemoglobin A (HbA), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is investigated by Soret-excited resonance Raman spectroscopy [39].
• Cytoplasmic factor VIII (FVIII)-related antigen was weakly positive in larger MEG-01 cells by both an indirect immunofluorescent technique with monoclonal antibodies and a direct immunoperoxidase technique using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated conventional rabbit anti-human FVIII antibody [40].

References