Disease relevance of Parabiosis

• Obesity can be reversed in ob/ob mice by parabiosis to lean littermates, by islet transplantation, and by injection of pancreatic polypeptide [1].
• Body weight (BW) gain decreased after parabiosis especially in old rats, but the liver weight (g/100 g BW), diet-intake, feces dry weight, liver cholesterol concentration and fecal sterol level were almost the same in all the groups [2].

High impact information on Parabiosis

• In additional studies, animals were exposed to granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor at days 17 to 20 of parabiosis and were studied 3 weeks later; 10.1% of marrow HSCs derived from the parabiotic partner [3].
• Parabiosis with a castrate male partner did not appear to alter the process significantly, but surgical cryptorchidy, even when combined with parabiosis, completely prevented the development of this pretumorous lesion as did the chronic administration of diethylstilbestrol [4].
• Therefore, mice primed with either SRBC or LPS 6 months previously and nonprimed mice were joined for parabiosis [5].
• The transfer of tolerance to DNCB-contact sensitivity in guinea pigs by parabiosis [6].
• In summary, parabiosis of normal mice to Hyp mice resulted in the development of phosphaturia and decreased BBMV phosphate transport in the normal mice [7].

Biological context of Parabiosis

• Glucose uptake in BBMV was unaffected by parabiosis or genotype [7].
• In the present report, we have studied the role of normal lymphocytes in suppressing or reversing gld-induced autoimmunity by parabiosis with normal mice [8].
• Almost 50 years ago the obese mouse model was identified, and parabiosis studies were able to demonstrate that some humoral factor was involved in adiposity, so that the genetics and endocrine nature of this process have been apparent for many years [9].

Associations of Parabiosis with chemical compounds

• The onset of repression of a known innervation-dependent acetylcholine receptor mRNA did not coincide with the initiation of troponin T iso-mRNA switching and was not affected by parabiosis [10].
• Experimental pairs, consisting of a normal rat and a distal 50% small bowel excluded partner, demonstrated significantly increased combined hepatic cholesterol synthesis when compared to control pairs, consisting of two normal rats, both at 3 and 5 days following parabiosis [11].
• The serum cholesterol level and the biliary and fecal CA/CDCA ratios in old rats were higher than those in young rats but decreased after parabiosis with young rats, although they were still higher than those in young rats [2].
• The optical and electron microscopy, including histochemistry, of costal cartilage of these rats has been compared with that in single cortisone treated rats, single controls, and control parabiosed with control rats, at 14 and 28 days after parabiosis [12].
• The unresponsiveness induced by immunosuppressive treatment has not been reversed by an additional treatment with the high dose of cyclophosphamide known to reverse hapten-induced tolerance, and has not been transferred by parabiosis from tolerant to normal partners [13].

Gene context of Parabiosis

• Suppression and reversal of gld disease by parabiosis with normal mice [8].
• Further, parabiosis of Rsl and rsl mice does not alter expression patterns, consistent with rsl action being liver intrinsic [14].
• Notably, heterochronic parabiosis restored the activation of Notch signalling as well as the proliferation and regenerative capacity of aged satellite cells [15].
• Parabiosis between wild-type and heterozygous klotho mice results in restoration of endothelial function in heterozygous klotho mice [16].
• We have previously shown that mice heterozygous for a defect in the klotho gene upon parabiosis with wild-type mice show improved endothelial function, suggesting that the klotho gene product protects against endothelial dysfunction [17].

References