Disease relevance of Circovirus

• Porcine circovirus type 2 and beak and feather disease virus show similar capsid structures with flat pentameric morphological units, whereas chicken anemia virus has stikingly different protruding pentagonal trumpet-shaped units [1].
• A comparison of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the detection of a new porcine circovirus in formalin-fixed tissues from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) [2].
• In-situ hybridization with a nonradioactive digoxigenin-labelled probe was used to study the distribution of porcine parvovirus (PPV) in formalin-fixed paraffin wax-embedded tissues from 10 porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)-infected weaned pigs with naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) [3].
• We expressed firstly the Capsid protein gene defecting the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of Porcine circovirus type II (PCV2) in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (rGST-dCap protein) [4].

High impact information on Circovirus

• The ORF3 Protein of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Is Involved in Viral Pathogenesis In Vivo [5].
• Porcine circovirus 2 uses heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate B glycosaminoglycans as receptors for its attachment to host cells [6].
• Epitope mapping of the major capsid protein of type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) by using chimeric PCV1 and PCV2 [7].
• CNPV genes lacking homologues in FWPV encode proteins similar to ubiquitin, interleukin-10-like proteins, tumor necrosis factor receptor, PIR1 RNA phosphatase, thioredoxin binding protein, MyD116 domain proteins, circovirus Rep proteins, and the nucleotide metabolism proteins thymidylate kinase and ribonucleotide reductase small subunit [8].
• A chimeric porcine circovirus (PCV) with the immunogenic capsid gene of the pathogenic PCV type 2 (PCV2) cloned into the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 induces protective immunity against PCV2 infection in pigs [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Circovirus

• Development of a polyclonal-antibody-based immunohistochemical method for the detection of type 2 porcine circovirus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue [10].
• Effects of dexamethasone on the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus type 2 infection in piglets [11].
• Non-radioactive digoxigenin (DIG)-labelled probes that can differentiate porcine circovirus (PCV) 1 from PCV2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissues by in-situ hybridisation were developed [12].

Biological context of Circovirus

• Open reading frame 2 of porcine circovirus type 2 encodes a major capsid protein [13].

Anatomical context of Circovirus

• From all pigs, samples of thymus, spleen, tonsil, ileum and superficial inguinal lymph node were processed for histological examination, in situ hybridization for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) detection and cleaved caspase-3 (CCasp3) immunohistochemistry for detection of apoptotic cells [14].
• Enhancement of porcine circovirus 2 replication in porcine cell lines by IFN-gamma before and after treatment and by IFN-alpha after treatment [15].

Gene context of Circovirus

• The rep gene of porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is indispensable for replication of viral DNA [16].
• Differential recognition of ORF2 protein from type 1 and type 2 porcine circoviruses and identification of immunorelevant epitopes [17].
• This region of protein identity corresponds with the putative plant circovirus replication-associated protein (Rep) [18].
• Detection and in vitro and in vivo characterization of porcine circovirus DNA from a porcine-derived commercial pepsin product [19].
• In vitro expression, monoclonal antibody and bioactivity for capsid protein of porcine circovirus type II without nuclear localization signal [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Circovirus

• Optimized DNA extraction method and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were developed for the detection of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues [20].
• To investigate the effect of immunosuppression on porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection, hysterectomy-produced, colostrum-deprived piglets were inoculated with the virus by the intranasal or intraperitoneal route, with or without dexamethasone (DEX) treatment [11].
• Development of an ELISA based on the baculovirus-expressed capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2 as antigen [21].

References