Disease relevance of Trail Making Test

• In contrast, when hypoglycemia was induced (plasma glucose, less than 42 mg/dL; 2.3 mmol/L) by bolus injection of insulin in 4 normal subjects, cognitive function was impaired in every subject, as demonstrated by a delay in completion of the trail-making test [1].

Psychiatry related information on Trail Making Test

• Neuropsychological tasks included the Wisconsin Cart Sort Test (WCST), the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and finger tapping speed [2].
• Trained interviewers administered trail-making tests (Trail A and B), Brief Assessment Index (a measure of depressed mood) and four subscales from the Sickness Impact Profile (Ambulation, Social Interaction, Sleep and Rest, and Home work) [3].
• RESULTS: Sedative and cognitive effects of dexmedetomidine were dose-dependent, resulting in a median sedation score of 95 of 100 and slowing of cognitive speed (reaction time, trail-making test) by a factor of about two at the highest plasma concentration [4].
• Depression effects on the Trail Making test (TMT), a test often used for screening cognitive impairments, were examined in a sample of cocaine abusers in drug abuse treatment programs [5].

High impact information on Trail Making Test

• The groups showed differential change with stimulation on the Reitan Trail-Making test (TMT B) (STN more improved) and on some measures of random number generation and Wisconsin Card Sorting (STN improved, GPi worse with stimulation) [6].
• Despite a marked increase in mean plasma epinephrine concentrations, which peaked at 426 +/- 68 pm/mL (2325 +/- 371 pmol/mL; P less than 0.001), no significant differences in cognitive function occurred as determined by a series of trail-making tests compared with the results of serial tests in a group of 17 control subjects [1].
• To address this issue, 112 individuals, 20-79 years old, took the California Trail Making Test (CTMT) and the California Stroop Test (CST), subtests of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function Scale (D. C. Delis, E. Kaplan, & J. H. Kramer, in press) that include measurement of component skills embedded in the executive function tasks [7].
• A battery of cognitive tests was administered including Clock Tests, Block Design, Trail Making Tests (TMT), Digit Span, and tests of verbal fluency [8].
• Zolpidem produced significantly more impairment than triazolam on several novel measures of performance on a computerized trail-making test [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Trail Making Test

• All patients were assessed using CAMCOG (Cambridge Cognitive Examination), tests examining frontal lobe function (Behavioural Dyscontrol Scale [BDYS], Trail-Making Tests A and B, Controlled Word Association Test) and a scale for primitive reflexes (Frontal Release Signs Scale) [10].
• Anxiety and trail making test scores in a sample of cocaine abusers [11].
• Derived trail making test indices in a sample of hallucinogen abusers: demographic effects [12].

Biological context of Trail Making Test

• The Trail Making Test (TMT; R. M. Reitan, 1958, 1992) is extensively used in research in neuropsychology and in aging, in part because it has been postulated to reflect executive processes, such as planning and switching [13].

Gene context of Trail Making Test

• Eighty-one male alcoholics, mean age of 42.9, receiving treatment for alcoholism at the Seattle VA Medical Center were administered the GEFT, Shipley Hartford Institute of Living Scale, the Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ) [14].
• Tests included the Trail-making Test (TMT), the Benton Visual Retention Test, and the Shipley-Hartford Scale [15].
• We also administered attention tasks, the Trail Making Test (TMT) that relies primarily on attentional set-shifting and the Kana (Japanese syllabogram) Pick-out Test instead primarily depending on depleted attention resources for allocation [16].
• Clinically notable frequencies of impairment (greater than 20% of the sample) were also found on the Trail Making Test (TMT): Part B and the Wechsler Memory Scale-R (WMS-R) Visual Reproduction II subtest [17].
• The sample likewise had a better than average speed in a color-word test (CWT) of focused attention similar to the Stroop test (e.g., reading C = 7.5, color-naming C = 6.7, interference task C = 6.3) and in the ZVT trail-making test (C = 7.0) [18].

References