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MeSH Review:

Parthenogenesis

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High impact information on Parthenogenesis

These studies show in intact oocytes that the interaction of Emi2 with Cdc20 links activating stimuli to meiotic resumption at fertilization and during parthenogenesis in mammals [1].
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) prevents DNA replication and parthenogenesis in maturing oocytes [2].
These results support the theory of Stalker (1956) that parthenogenesis is favored in environments in which sexual reproduction is difficult or impossible [3].
Holocyclic clones of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis, whereas anholocyclic individuals are obligate parthenogens [4].
Stimulation of parthenogenesis in mouse ovarian follicles by inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase [5].

Biological context of Parthenogenesis

Cytogenetic analysis of ethanol-induced parthenogenesis [6].
Cytokeratin in early hamster embryogenesis and parthenogenesis: reorganization during mitosis and association with clusters of interchromatinlike granules [7].
Late blastocysts generated by both fertilization and parthenogenesis show a similar pattern of Oct-4 expression, suggesting that paternal genome activation is not required for Oct-4 expression [8].

Anatomical context of Parthenogenesis

Sham operation by puncturing the zona pellucida of the sucrose-treated oocytes with the microinjection pipette did not increase parthenogenesis (P greater than 0.05) [9].

Associations of Parthenogenesis with chemical compounds

To avoid spontaneous parthenogenesis, the exposure to DMSO must occur for a reduced time and at room temperature [10].
Using our method (a combination of calcium ionophore A23187 and puromycin), the activation rate was approximately 90% and the proportion of parthenogenesis displaying one pronucleus with extrusion of the second polar body was approximately 80% in human aged and mouse young oocytes [11].

Gene context of Parthenogenesis

A specific alpha-tubulin is associated with the initiation of parthenogenesis in 'Salmon' wheat lines [12].

References

Mammalian Emi2 mediates cytostatic arrest and transduces the signal for meiotic exit via Cdc20. Shoji, S., Yoshida, N., Amanai, M., Ohgishi, M., Fukui, T., Fujimoto, S., Nakano, Y., Kajikawa, E., Perry, A.C. EMBO J. (2006) [Pubmed]
Induction of apoptosis in starfish eggs requires spontaneous inactivation of MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) followed by activation of p38MAPK. Sasaki, K., Chiba, K. Mol. Biol. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]
Life-history changes that accompany the transition from sexual to parthenogenetic reproduction in Drosophila mercatorum. Kramer, M.G., Templeton, A.R. Evolution (2001) [Pubmed]
Molecular characterization of cyclic and obligate parthenogens in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). Simon, J.C., Martinez-Torres, D., Latorre, A., Moya, A., Hebert, P.D. Proc. Biol. Sci. (1996) [Pubmed]
Stimulation of parthenogenesis in mouse ovarian follicles by inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. Downs, S.M. Biol. Reprod. (1990) [Pubmed]
Cytogenetic analysis of ethanol-induced parthenogenesis. O'Neill, G.T., Kaufman, M.H. J. Exp. Zool. (1989) [Pubmed]
Cytokeratin in early hamster embryogenesis and parthenogenesis: reorganization during mitosis and association with clusters of interchromatinlike granules. Plancha, C.E., Carmo-Fonseca, M., David-Ferreira, J.F. Differentiation (1991) [Pubmed]
Effect of ploidy and parental genome composition on expression of Oct-4 protein in mouse embryos. Liu, L., Czerwiec, E., Keefe, D.L. Gene Expr. Patterns (2004) [Pubmed]
Improved developmental potential of rabbit oocytes fertilized by sperm microinjection into the perivitelline space enlarged by hypertonic media. Yang, X.Z., Chen, J.B., Chen, Y.Q., Foote, R.H. J. Exp. Zool. (1990) [Pubmed]
Aseptic vitrification of human germinal vesicle oocytes using dimethyl sulfoxide as a cryoprotectant. Isachenko, V., Montag, M., Isachenko, E., Dessole, S., Nawroth, F., van der Ven, H. Fertil. Steril. (2006) [Pubmed]
Fertilization failure and oocyte activation. Yamano, S., Nakagawa, K., Nakasaka, H., Aono, T. J. Med. Invest. (2000) [Pubmed]
A specific alpha-tubulin is associated with the initiation of parthenogenesis in 'Salmon' wheat lines. Matzk, F., Meyer, H.M., Horstmann, C., Balzer, H.J., Bäumlein, H., Schubert, I. Hereditas (1997) [Pubmed]

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