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Chemical Compound Review

Cellotetrose     (2R,3R,4R,5R)-4- [(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S...

Synonyms: CPD-13205, AR-1L8691, FT-0624353, AC1L550I, 2478-34-4, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Cellotetrose

 

High impact information on Cellotetrose

  • Based on the high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the degradation products, this cellulase randomly cleaved internal beta-1, 4-glycosidic bonds in cellotetraose and cellopentaose as an endoglucanase [5].
  • To determine the orientation of the sugar chain within these binding clefts, the association of TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-yl) spin-labeled derivatives of cellotriose and cellotetraose with isolated CBDN1 and CBDN2 was studied using heteronuclear 1H-15N NMR spectroscopy [6].
  • Here we present the structure of the catalytic core domain of Humicola insolens cellobiohydrolase II Cel6A in complex with glucose/cellotetraose at 1.7 A resolution [7].
  • The cellotetraose molecule binds in a manner consistent with the expected Michaelis complex for the glycosylation half-reaction and reveals that all eight residues conserved in family 5 enzymes are involved in recognition of the glycosyl group attacked during cleavage [8].
  • The enzyme has an Mr of 83,000, an isoelectric point of 3.55, optimum pH of 6.6 and optimum temperature of 70 degrees C. It hydrolyses CM-cellulose and, at a higher rate, the cellodextrins, cellotetraose and cellopentaose, but does not hydrolyse a crystalline cellulose such as Avicel [9].
 

Biological context of Cellotetrose

  • The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the thermostable endocellulase E1 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus in complex with cellotetraose has been solved by multiple isomorphous replacement and refined at 2.4 A resolution to an R-factor of 0.18 (Rfree = 0.24) [8].
  • 8. The major product of cellulose hydrolysis was cellotetraose [10].
  • Molecular mechanics calculations have been used to place a cellotetraose substrate into the active site of the crystallographically determined structure of endocellulase E2 from Thermomonospora fusca [11].
 

Anatomical context of Cellotetrose

  • The newly discovered Cel9R thus is a novel type of cellulase in the cellulosome of C. thermocellum: a processive endo-beta-1,4-glucanase producing cellotetraose as the primary hydrolysis product [4].
 

Associations of Cellotetrose with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Cellotetrose

  • S. bovis JB1 containing the endA gene was capable of utilizing cellotetraose at a faster rate than the parent strain [14].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cellotetrose

References

  1. Improved catalytic efficiency and active site modification of 1,4-beta-D-glucan glucohydrolase A from Thermotoga neapolitana by directed evolution. McCarthy, J.K., Uzelac, A., Davis, D.F., Eveleigh, D.E. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  2. Catalytic and substrate-binding domains of endoglucanase 2 from Bacteroides succinogenes. McGavin, M., Forsberg, C.W. J. Bacteriol. (1989) [Pubmed]
  3. Utilization of individual cellodextrins by three predominant ruminal cellulolytic bacteria. Shi, Y., Weimer, P.J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  4. A major new component in the cellulosome of Clostridium thermocellum is a processive endo-beta-1,4-glucanase producing cellotetraose. Zverlov, V.V., Schantz, N., Schwarz, W.H. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (2005) [Pubmed]
  5. Characterization of a bifunctional cellulase and its structural gene. The cell gene of Bacillus sp. D04 has exo- and endoglucanase activity. Han, S.J., Yoo, Y.J., Kang, H.S. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) [Pubmed]
  6. The cellulose-binding domains from Cellulomonas fimi beta-1, 4-glucanase CenC bind nitroxide spin-labeled cellooligosaccharides in multiple orientations. Johnson, P.E., Brun, E., MacKenzie, L.F., Withers, S.G., McIntosh, L.P. J. Mol. Biol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  7. Structural changes of the active site tunnel of Humicola insolens cellobiohydrolase, Cel6A, upon oligosaccharide binding. Varrot, A., Schülein, M., Davies, G.J. Biochemistry (1999) [Pubmed]
  8. Crystal structure of thermostable family 5 endocellulase E1 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus in complex with cellotetraose. Sakon, J., Adney, W.S., Himmel, M.E., Thomas, S.R., Karplus, P.A. Biochemistry (1996) [Pubmed]
  9. Purification and characterization of endoglucanase Ss from Clostridium thermocellum. Fauth, U., Romaniec, M.P., Kobayashi, T., Demain, A.L. Biochem. J. (1991) [Pubmed]
  10. Isolation and characterization of endoglucanases 1 and 2 from Bacteroides succinogenes S85. McGavin, M., Forsberg, C.W. J. Bacteriol. (1988) [Pubmed]
  11. Conformational modeling of substrate binding to endocellulase E2 from Thermomonospora fusca. Taylor, J.S., Teo, B., Wilson, D.B., Brady, J.W. Protein Eng. (1995) [Pubmed]
  12. The cellulase system of the anaerobic rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis: studies on the properties of fractions rich in endo-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucanase activity. Wood, T.M., Wilson, C.A., McCrae, S.I. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  13. Increased transglycosylation activity of Rhodotorula glutinis endo-beta-glucanase in media containing organic solvent. Oikawa, T., Tsukagawa, Y., Chino, M., Soda, K. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  14. Heterologous expression of an endoglucanase gene (endA) from the ruminal anaerobe Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 in Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus sanguis. Whitehead, T.R., Flint, H.J. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (1995) [Pubmed]
  15. Active-site binding of glycosides by Thermomonospora fusca endocellulase E2. Barr, B.K., Wolfgang, D.E., Piens, K., Claeyssens, M., Wilson, D.B. Biochemistry (1998) [Pubmed]
  16. Studies on the isothermal crystallization of D-glucose and cellulose oligosaccharides by differential scanning calorimetry. Hatakeyama, H., Yoshida, H., Nakano, J. Carbohydr. Res. (1976) [Pubmed]
 
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