Disease relevance of bentiromide

• In conclusion, the bentiromide test is a simple, clinically useful means of detecting pancreatic insufficiency in young children, but a higher dose administered with a liquid meal is recommended [1].
• A dose-ranging crossover study of orally administered bentiromide was conducted in 47 patients with chronic pancreatic disease and 61 healthy volunteers [2].
• Any patient with clinical evidence of chronic pancreatitis and ERP changes that were less than advanced and had normal fecal fat and bentiromide tests received a grade of mild [3].
• Diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis by the synthetic peptide N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid [4].
• We conclude that the bentiromide test is not affected by small bowel or liver disease [5].

High impact information on bentiromide

• High-dose bentiromide best discriminated control and pancreatic insufficient subjects, due to a higher peak plasma p-aminobenzoic acid level in controls, but poor sensitivity and specificity remained [1].
• We evaluated the bentiromide test by analyzing para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in plasma and urine (a) for the identification of patients with complete pancreatic insufficiency and (b) as an alternative to the secretin-cholecystokinin test [6].
• Molecular cloning of a human intestinal brush border metalloendopeptidase (N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase, PPH) and a mouse kidney brush border metalloendopeptidase (meprin A) has revealed 82% identity in the NH2-terminal amino acid sequences (198 residues) of the mature enzymes [7].
• In experiments in vitro on the kinetics of the hydrolysis of BTPABA by chymotrypsin the profound influence of the pH on Km and Vmax was shown [8].
• Comparison of patients' samples after oral administration of either N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid or free PABA revealed that PABA is extensively metabolized and conjugated to either p-acetamidobenzoic acid, p-aminohippuric acid, or p-acetamidohippuric acid [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of bentiromide

• The bentiromide test was evaluated using plasma p-aminobenzoic acid as an indirect test of pancreatic insufficiency in young children between 2 months and 4 years of age [1].
• Digestion of bentiromide and absorption of xylose in healthy cats and absorption of xylose in cats with infiltrative intestinal disease [10].

Biological context of bentiromide

• Very low levels of pancreatic function were found based on the bentiromide and trypsinogen studies, whereas intestinal absorption of d-xylose was normal except for one patient with extremely rapid gastric emptying [11].
• Investigation included vitamin levels, a bentiromide study, and serum immunoreactive trypsinogen levels to evaluate pancreatic function and a d-xylose absorption and a radionuclide gastric emptying scan for intestinal absorption and motility [11].

Anatomical context of bentiromide

• Nonpancreatic hydrolysis of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA peptide) in the rat small intestine [12].
• Particulate fractions of human small intestinal mucosa contain an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA-peptide), a substrate used for clinical purposes to assess exocrine function of the pancreas (PABA test, pancreas function test) [13].
• 1. Hydrolysis of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA-peptide) has been measured in soluble and particulate fractions of human small intestinal mucosa [14].
• N-Benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase (PPH) is a metalloendopeptidase found in mucosal epithelial cells of the human small intestine [15].
• Biosynthesis of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase: disulfide-linked dimers are formed at the site of synthesis in the rough endoplasmic reticulum [15].

Associations of bentiromide with other chemical compounds

• Thirty minutes after oral bentiromide, plasma PABA values in patients with and without malabsorption were significantly lower than in the control group [6].
• C-cytosolic and transmembrane domains of the N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase alpha subunit (human meprin alpha) are essential for its retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and C-terminal processing [16].
• Spectrofluorimetry was investigated as an alternative to HPLC for determining p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid in the N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid/p-aminosalicylic acid test of pancreatic exocrine function [17].

Gene context of bentiromide

• The bentiromide test results were normal in CF patients without clinical pancreatic dysfunction despite previous findings of decreased bicarbonate secretion in this group [18].
• In patients with severe or moderate exocrine insufficiency demonstrated by ST, abnormally low levels were observed in 63% by N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (BT-PABA) test, 61% by fecal chymotrypsin test (FCT), and 44% by pancreatic amylase (PA) [19].
• CPT was far advanced at the time of diagnosis in that 28 had evidence of calcification, 19 had diabetes mellitus, and 27 had an abnormal bentiromide test [20].
• Evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function by oral administration of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (PFD test) in primary diabetes mellitus [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of bentiromide

• After gastrectomy the respective specificities were as follows: pancreolauryl test 10%, bentiromide test 70%, fecal chymotrypsin 70%, and plasma amino acid consumption test 100% [22].
• We assessed the diagnostic capability of the bentiromide test using a high-pressure liquid-chromatography method to analyze p-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites in plasma as an indirect measure of exocrine pancreatic function [23].
• An oral pancreatic function test (PFT) using the synthetic peptide N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid can assess pancreatic exocrine function, since urinary recovery of the ingested dose is an indirect index of chymotryptic activity [24].
• The N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (BT-PABA) test was performed on 23 of 39 patients about 40 days after pancreatoduodenectomy [25].
• The N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (BT-PABA) excretion test, fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were used to determine pancreatic function [26].

References