Disease relevance of aminohippuric acid

• Inulin clearance was measured in 624 patients with gout, and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) clearance in 359; Group I consisted of 397 patients with uncomplicated gout; Group II, 191 patients with hypertension and/or ischemic heart disease; and Group III, 36 patients with chronic renal disease [1].
• The delay between the first evidence of renal damage (decreased p-aminohippuric acid uptake) and the subsequent appearance of enzymuria, proteinuria, polyuria and alkalinuria appears to correspond to a similar delay between the initial insult and the eventual development of cellular necrosis and other histopathological changes [2].
• The 24-hour urinary excretion of various electrolytes, as well as the glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and maximal rate of tubular excretion of para-aminohippuric acid was measured in each kidney of 10 patients with idiopathic renal lithiasis [3].
• Although hypocalcemia caused a significant decrease in the renal secretion of alendronate, there was no effect on the renal secretion of tetraethylammonium bromide and p-aminohippuric acid [4].
• Wistar rats given the accelerated form of anti-GBM anti-body glomerulonephritis initially developed significant proteinuria and renal insufficiency associated primarily with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with normal renal clearance of para-aminohippuric acid and with markedly reduced filtration fraction [5].

Psychiatry related information on aminohippuric acid

• The effects of a 72 h water deprivation on the absorption--intramuscular (i.m.) and oral and disposition of ampicillin, inulin and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) were investigated in six sheep [6].

High impact information on aminohippuric acid

• Left ventricular structure was determined by two-dimensional guided M-mode echocardiography, renal blood flow by iodine I 131 aminohippuric acid clearance, and glomerular filtration rate by creatinine clearance [7].
• In other animals, daily treatment with cyclophosphamide improved the clearances of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid and reduced thromboxane production by 6-d renal allografts [8].
• We report here that both protein phosphatase (PP1/PP2A) inhibitor, okadaic acid, and protein kinase C (PKC) activators down-regulate mOAT-mediated transport of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), a prototypic organic anion, in a time- and concentrationdependent manner [9].
• Aminohippuric acid and N'-methylnicotinamide, two specific substrates of anionic and cationic drug exchangers, did not compete with the phosphate carrier of cerebral capillaries [10].
• Epidermal growth factor (EGF) leads to an increase in the basolateral uptake rate of the model substrate para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) in opossum kidney (OK) cells [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of aminohippuric acid

• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glycine conjugation of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to the hippurated metabolites, para-aminohippuric acid (PAHA), and para-acetamidohippuric acid (PAAHA) as a quantitative liver function test in patients with liver disease [12].
• These studies indicate that renal prostaglandins are not responsible for maintenance of creatinine and para-aminohippuric acid clearances after renal artery stenosis in the dog [13].

Biological context of aminohippuric acid

• GFR and renal plasma flow (RPF) were determined with inulin and para-aminohippuric acid clearance at rest and during stress [14].
• A total of 284 subjects (68% hypertensive) consumed high- (200 mmol) and low- (10 mmol) sodium diets, and their blood pressure responses were assessed as percentage change in the mean arterial pressure (MAP). p-Aminohippuric acid clearance was used to estimate effective renal plasma flow [15].
• Six hours later, renal blood flow was measured with the use of para-aminohippuric acid [16].
• Blood pressure and cardiac frequency were recorded, and renal function was evaluated with labeled inulin and p-aminohippuric acid [17].
• For each subject, RBF was measured with a standard technique of p-aminohippuric acid (PAH)-clearance hematocrit on the same day as the MR imaging examination was performed [18].

Anatomical context of aminohippuric acid

• Reconstitution of N1-methylnicotinamide and p-aminohippuric acid transport in phospholipid vesicles with a protein fraction isolated from dog kidney membranes [19].
• Phlorizin, 0.5 mM, increases the uptake of tritiated p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) in rat kidney cortex slices in vitro [20].
• The transport of para-aminohippuric acid by the ciliary body and by the iris of the primate eye [21].
• They were given primed, continuous 3-hour infusions of U-[14C]-L-lactate and 2-[3H]- or 6-[3H]-glucose into the jugular vein and para-aminohippuric acid (portal blood flow indicator) into the mesenteric vein before and after being changed from a pelleted alfalfa hay to a pelleted 85% concentrate diet [22].
• Selective brain to blood efflux transport of para-aminohippuric acid across the blood-brain barrier: in vivo evidence by use of the brain efflux index method [23].

Associations of aminohippuric acid with other chemical compounds

• Thyroxine treatment also effected an increase of p-aminohippuric acid extraction from 0.23 +/- 0.03 to 0.33 +/- 0.02 (P = 0.011) and a decrease in the fractional excretion of sodium from 0.38 +/- 0.21 to 0.11 +/- 0.03% (P = 0.037 by Mann-Whitney U test) [24].
• Renal function, as assessed by the clearances of inulin and p-aminohippuric acid, was greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with OKY 046 than in those receiving vehicle alone [25].
• Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was measured by para-aminohippuric acid clearance, and PTSR by the lithium clearance technique [26].
• Clearances of iothalamate and p-aminohippuric acid were used to determine glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow, respectively [27].
• In both anaesthetized animals and in conscious sheep infused with papaverine, furosemide-induced intrarenal vasodilation, as evidenced by changes in clearance of p-aminohippuric acid, was much reduced in comparison to the conscious animals [28].

Gene context of aminohippuric acid

• p-aminohippuric acid transport at renal apical membrane mediated by human inorganic phosphate transporter NPT1 [29].
• Contribution of organic anion transporter 3 (Slc22a8) to the elimination of p-aminohippuric acid and benzylpenicillin across the blood-brain barrier [30].
• We measured blood pressure, renal clearances using inulin and p-aminohippuric acid, and electrolyte excretion at baseline and during an ANP infusion [31].
• METHODS: Glomerular hemodynamics, permselectivity and ultrastructure were studied in 17 adult patients with IgA nephropathy using inulin, para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and 3H-Ficoll clearances and morphometric methods [32].
• To meet this need, a PAH analog (PAHIDA), has been synthesized by the coupling of p-aminohippuric acid with nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride, using Sn(II) reduction [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of aminohippuric acid

• This decrease in sodium excretion occurred independent of consistent changes in renal perfusion pressure, PO2, glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, extraction of P-aminohippuric acid, and filtration fraction [34].
• In vitro concentrative transport to tritiated p-aminohippuric acid (3H-PAH) was evaluated in renal biopsy specimens from human subjects by section freeze-dry autoradiography [35].
• METHODS: Eighty-five children and adolescents, aged 0.4-20.5 years at transplantation, were monitored annually, by GFR and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), determined by clearances of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid [36].
• Capillary electrophoresis method to measure p-aminohippuric acid in urine and plasma for the assessment of renal plasma flow [37].
• The Qpv was determined by an indicator dilution technique employing continuous constant infusion of 1% p-aminohippuric acid into the ileal vein [38].

References