Disease relevance of cytosine

• A novel expression system for production of a labile protein in Escherichia coli by infection with cytosin-substituting T4 phage [1].

High impact information on cytosine

• RESULTS: Three mutations in microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors were found in the exon 4 polymorphic poly-cytosin (C)(8) or (C)(9) tract and consisted of a cytosin deletion at position 291 [2].
• We have shown a possible alternate mechanism for mutagenesis at CpG in which HpaII DNA-(cytosine-5) methyltransferase (M.HpaII) can enzymatically deaminate cytosine (C) to uracil (U) in DNA [Shen, J.-C., Rideout, W.M., III and Jones, P.A., Cell, 71, 1073-1080, (1992)] [3].
• These data suggest that the A572V mutation of the LH/CGR may have effects on the guanine nucleotide binding protein which activates phospholipase C (Gq) coupling and phospholipase-C activation in addition to its effects on Gs coupling and activation of adenylyl cyclase [4].
• The adipose conversion in serum-free medium was associated with an increase in cell number, since 0.3 micrograms/ml cytosin arabinoside not only inhibited cell replication, but also prevented the expression of glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity [5].
• The novel MICB null allele is characterized by a Cytosin (C) deletion in a stretch of four Cs beginning from nucleotide 135 of exon 2 that leads to a premature stop codon (TGA) at codon 66 [6].

Biological context of cytosine

• The administration of not only CY but also mitomycin C (MMC) and cytosin arabinoside (Ara C) elicited a prolongation of skin graft survival [7].
• Molecular analysis of the mutant strain revealed that a single base mutation of cytosine (C) to guanine (G) occurred at the 2476th nucleotide position in the DNA polymerase gene region, resulting in an amino acid substitution of proline (Pro) with alanine (Ala) at codon 826 [8].
• Cytosin methylation and heterochromatinization in the promoter region might account for this down-regulation of maspin [9].
• RESULTS: The practicability of this method was verified with three different transgenes: Cytosin Deaminase (AdCD), p53 (Adp53) and Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (AdGM-CSF) [10].

Associations of cytosine with other chemical compounds

• The following sequence analysis revealed a heterozygous transition in position IVS5 + 2 T > C [11].
• The topological features of the charge densities, rho(r), of three bioactive molecules, 2-thiouracil [2,3-dihydro-2-thioxopyrimidin-4(1H)-one], cytosine [4-aminopyrimidin-2(1H)-one] monohydrate and salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), have been determined from high-resolution X-ray diffraction data at 90 K [12].

References