Disease relevance of Bacteriophage T4

• The discovery and characterization of a similar intron in the T4 phage thymidylate synthase gene (td) led to the finding of additional group 1 introns in other T4 genes and in genes of the related T2 and T6 phages [1].
• Escherichia coli nucleoside diphosphate kinase interactions with T4 phage proteins of deoxyribonucleotide synthesis and possible regulatory functions [2].
• In a recent study, we showed that this is also true for Abutilon mosaic geminivirus (AbMV), but that this particular virus may also use a recombination-dependent replication (RDR) route in analogy to T4 phages [3].
• Clones that expressed a capsid-binding 14-aa N-terminal peptide extension derivative of the HOC (highly antigenic outer capsid) protein for T4 phage hoc gene display were constructed by co-transformation with a linearized vector and a PCR-synthesized hoc gene [4].
• Interaction of DNA-binding protein HU from Bacillus stearothermophilis (HUBst) with coliphage T2 DNA was investigated by observing an elongational flow-induced birefringence, Deltan, of a T2-phage DNA aqueous solution at various HU concentrations [5].

High impact information on Bacteriophage T4

• The interrupted T4 phage td gene, which encodes thymidylate synthase, is the first known example of an intron-containing prokaryotic structural gene [6].
• We identify an in vivo folding trap in the T4 phage td gene, caused by nine base pairs between a sequence element in the upstream exon of the td gene and another at the 3' end of the intron [7].
• Methylation interference experiments reveal bases involved in three different catalytic functions of the T4-phage derived sunY self-splicing intron [8].
• T4 phage gene uvsX product catalyzes homologous DNA pairing [9].
• We have tested in vivo for T4 DNA polymerase involvement in nick processing, using T4 phage having DNA polymerases with altered ratios of exonuclease to polymerase activities [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Bacteriophage T4

• In our initial screen of approximately 3 X 10(4) plaques from a T4 phage stock mutagenized with hydroxylamine, greater than 30 mutants that produce lysozyme activity resistant to high temperature incubation were found [11].
• Thus, these insertions may arise from templated extension of the exposed 3' terminus by a DNA polymerase, followed by resealing of the strand, as shown previously for acridine-induced frameshifts in T4 phage [12].
• The enzyme was purified to homogeneity and found to possess properties similar to T2 phage deoxycytidylate deaminase [13].
• This inverting enzyme transfers glucose from UDP-glucose to the 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine bases of T4 phage DNA [14].
• T4 phage gene 32 protein as a candidate organizing factor for the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate synthetase complex [15].

Biological context of Bacteriophage T4

• The major valine acceptor tRNA1Val from rabbit liver was purified and its nucleotide sequence determined by in vitro [32P] - labeling with T4 phage induced polynucleotide kinase and finger-printing techniques [16].
• Amino acids replacements were introduced also into the folate and deoxynucleotide 5'-phosphate binding sites of the T4-phage TS to ascertain the potential role that these amino acids play in the catalytic process [17].
• Identification of a site necessary for allosteric regulation in T4-phage deoxycytidylate deaminase [18].
• Exclusion of T4 phage by the hok/sok killer locus from plasmid R1 [19].
• Pathways of DNA repair in T4 phage. I. Methyl methanesulfonate sensitive mutant [20].

Anatomical context of Bacteriophage T4

• Polyribosome binding of rabbit globin messenger RNA and messenger ribonucleoprotein labelled with bacteriophage-T4 RNA ligase and 5'-[32P] phosphocytidine 3'-phosphate [21].
• In this study, making use of the comet assay, we tried to find out if under conditions that maintain chromatin structure the DNA ligase from T4 phage is able to facilitate the rejoining of strand breaks with different end structures, induced by the restriction endonuclease MspI or bleomycin in living human lymphocytes in a nonproliferating state [22].

Gene context of Bacteriophage T4

• The cd-containing fragment also contained all of gene 31 (Nivinskas, R., and Black, L. W. (1988) Gene (Amst.) 73, 251-257) and thus precisely locates the two genes relative to one another within the T4 phage genomic map [13].
• The discovery of distant structural homology with several exonucleases, including T4 phage RNase H and flap endonuclease (FEN1), further suggests a likely function for PIN domains as Mg2+-dependent exonucleases, a hypothesis that we have confirmed in vitro [23].
• Here, we show that growth of T4 phage is inhibited both in hupA hupB and himA himD double mutants [24].
• This study compares properties of the human PCNA clamp with those of E. coli and T4 phage [25].
• This tentatively identifies the truncated gene to be the 5' end of the T4 phage ribonucleotide reductase subunit B1 (nrdA) gene and pinpoints its exact location on the T4 phage genomic map [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Bacteriophage T4

• To determine whether the replacement of the active site histidine with a valine enhances the activity of the resulting thymidylate synthase, we affected this change in T4-phage thymidylate synthase by site-directed mutagenesis and found that instead of an increase in activity there was an 80 percent decrease [27].
• The major immunogen protein VP2 from the vvIBDV strain HK46 was fused to the nonessential T4 phage surface capsid protein, a small outer capsid (SOC) protein, resulting in the 49 kDa SOC-VP2 fusion protein, which was verified by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot [28].

References