Disease relevance of SSR2

• Histological, histochemical and specific mRNA measurements confirmed the presence of an SSR2 receptor carcinoid in the lung [1].
• RESULTS: All uveal melanomas were positive for SSR2 [2].
• SSR2 is one of the most abundant SSR, which also is expressed in high numbers in many neuroendocrine tumor types [3].
• Paragangliomas (PG), like many NET, have been found to have a high density of SSR 2 on the cell surfaces [4].
• Calcaneonavicular coalition and the "too long" anterior process (TLAP) of the calcaneus can manifest as lateral foot pain, peroneal spastic flatfoot, and repeated ankle sprain [5].

High impact information on SSR2

• The second site (SSR2) is a high capacity site (200 pmol/mg protein), widely distributed in all of the cell lines investigated, that shows relative selectivity yet low affinity (100 nM) for SS14, SS28, and [D-Trp8]SS14 without any apparent biological activity [6].
• Surprisingly, pgp25 (SSR alpha) also bound Ca2+ although gp25H (SSR beta) and gp25L did not [7].
• Highly polymorphic SSR2 markers mapped to human chromosome 19 were used to determine the portions of human chromosome 19 retained in the hybrids [8].
• OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Octreotide is a somatostatin analogue that, when coupled to a radioisotope, produces a scintigraphic image of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) expressing somatostatin type 2 receptors (SSR 2) [4].
• The Translocon-Associated Protein beta (TRAPbeta) in zebrafish embryogenesis. I. Enhanced expression of transcripts in notochord and hatching gland precursors [9].

Biological context of SSR2

• We also localized the human beta-signal sequence receptor gene (SSR2) to chromosome bands 1q21-->q23 by fluorescence in situ hybridization [10].
• The polypeptide predicted from the largest open reading frame contains 183 amino acids with a 86 and 87% sequence identity to the TRAPbeta subunits in human and chicken, respectively [9].
• The TRAPbeta gene, mapped using the LN54 mouse-zebrafish radiation hybrid panel to linkage group 19, resides next to a gene (Z15451) which has sequence homology to notch2 and vascular endothelial growth factor [9].
• Distinct seasonal variation of TLAP (with highly elevated levels in July) were observed, whereas TSAP exhibits low concentration with a small increase in October [11].
• No circadian rhythm was found for TLAP or TSAP [11].

Anatomical context of SSR2

• Sequence analysis identified a cleavable amino-terminal signal peptide in the zebrafish TRAPbeta subunit and a region of the protein spans the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum [9].
• We observed 39 feet with a "too-long" anteromedial process of the calcaneus (TLAP) in 25 children and adolescents [12].
• Sympathetic skin responses (SSRs) were recorded from the palms (SSR-1), the soles (SSR-2) and the perineum (SSR-3) [13].

Associations of SSR2 with chemical compounds

• On the other hand, variations of triiodothyronine (T3) levels in plasma induced by thyroxine (T4) injections correlated well with concentration of TLAP [11].
• The results of 220 consecutive IVF treatments are presented, comparing the use of culture media supplemented with either patient serum (Group 1; n = 110), or Medi-Cult SSR 2 synthetic serum replacement with pyruvate, and human serum albumin (HSA) (GEA BioTech, Hvidovre, Denmark) (Group 2; n = 110) [14].

Regulatory relationships of SSR2

• The amplitude of the SSR generated by the second stimulus (SSR2) was expressed as a percentage of that generated by the first (SSR1), and compared between control subjects and patients for each ISI [15].

Other interactions of SSR2

• The SSR amplitude recovery percentage, which was obtained by dividing the amplitude of SSR2 by the amplitude of SSR1, was significantly different on the cooled side [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SSR2

• A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay showed that TRAPbeta mRNA is expressed in the developing zebrafish embryo [9].
• Southern blot hybridization was used to assess the presence of the SSR2 gene [17].
• With the 2.7-mm 30 degrees arthroscope placed at the primary visualization portal, soft tissue around the TLAP or the calcaneonavicular coalition is cleared up with the use of an arthroscopic shaver at the working portal [5].
• Resection of the TLAP provided good results in 14 of 15 feet when used as a secondary procedure after failure of immobilization treatment and in one foot in which it was used as primary treatment [12].

References