Disease relevance of FZD3

• The human Frizzled-3 gene was mapped using a radiation-hybrid cell line panel to the short arm of chromosome 8 between the markers WI-1172 and WI-8496 near the loci for the Hypotrichosis of Marie Unna and Hairless genes [1].

Psychiatry related information on FZD3

• Association study of the frizzled-3 (FZD3) gene with schizophrenia and mood disorders [2].

High impact information on FZD3

• Furthermore, MAK was recruited to the cell membrane by Frizzled 3, formed a complex with Dishevelled and phosphorylated Dsh in vitro [3].
• Mutation of C-terminal serines including serine 576 significantly enhances Frizzled-3-mediated induction of neural crest markers, suggesting that C-terminal phosphorylation plays a role in down-regulating Frizzled signaling [4].
• Phosphorylation of frizzled-3 [4].
• Co-expression of TC10Q75L did not have a similar effect on the expression of plasma membrane proteins such as Frizzled-3 and Pr-cadherin or cytosolic proteins such as tubulin and green fluorescent protein [5].
• CONCLUSIONS: Although two prior studies have reported associations using limited numbers of SNPs on FZD3, our intensive study failed to support any major contribution of FZD3 to schizophrenia susceptibility [6].

Biological context of FZD3

• The human FZD3 gene is located on chromosome 8p21, a positive linkage locus for schizophrenia [7].
• The FZD3 gene consists of 8 exons, and has been mapped to human chromosome 8p21 [8].
• We found a significant association between schizophrenia and the FZD3 gene in single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype analyses [7].
• The FZD3 locus is located on chromosome 8p21, spans 48 Kb and its coding sequence is distributed in 6 exons intercalated by 5 introns [9].
• To replicate the previously reported positive association between FZD3 and schizophrenia in Han Chinese and Japanese populations, we genotyped two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of FZD3 in 241 unrelated schizophrenic patients and 192 control subjects [10].

Anatomical context of FZD3

• 0-kb FZD3 mRNA was the major transcript in fetal brain and adult cerebellum, while the 1.8-kb FZD3 mRNA was the major transcript in adult pancreas, and many cancer cell lines examined [8].
• Of the frizzled proteins, frizzled-3 (FZD3) is required for formation of the neural crest and for development of major fiber tracts in the CNS [7].
• We now report that Frizzled-3 expression in skin is restricted to the epidermis and to the developing hair follicle [1].
• In 17 d embryos and 1 d old newborn mice Frizzled-3 expression is limited to suprabasal keratinocytes and is not seen in pelage follicles until 3 d postpartum [1].
• In the inner ear, Fz3 and Fz6 proteins are localized to the lateral faces of sensory and supporting cells in all sensory epithelia in a pattern that correlates with the axis of planar polarity [11].

Associations of FZD3 with chemical compounds

• Human Frizzled-3 (FZD3) gene, encoding seven-transmembrane receptor with the N-terminal cysteine-rich domain, has been cloned and characterized [8].

Other interactions of FZD3

• The minimum vertical force (Fz2), the second vertical peak force (Fz3), and the duration of stride and stance were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of FZD3

• Investigation of genetic association between human Frizzled homolog 3 gene (FZD3) and schizophrenia: results in a Korean population and evidence from meta-analysis [10].
• To confirm this issue further, we investigated a genetic association between four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the FZD3 gene and schizophrenia by case-control study using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the Chinese Han population [13].
• Molecular cloning and genomic structure of human frizzled-3 at chromosome 8p21 [8].
• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analysis revealed Frizzled-3 expression in epidermal and hair follicle keratinocytes [1].

References