Disease relevance of Muscle Cramp

• Myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease) is one of the most common causes of exercise intolerance, muscle cramps, and recurrent myoglobinuria [1].
• Myophosphorylase deficiency is characterized by exercise intolerance, muscle cramps, and recurrent myoglobinuria [2].
• In patients with renal disease, a few cases of marked elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase and myoglobin, and associated muscle cramps, have been reported (diagnosed as rhabdomyolysis) [3].
• Oral taurine therapy for painful muscle cramp in liver cirrhosis [4].
• The MPZ lys236del mutation is associated with an autosomal dominant, adult onset CMT phenotype, with variable penetrance ranging from an asymptomatic state to foot deformities, pedal numbness, and muscle cramps [5].

High impact information on Muscle Cramp

• Randomised controlled trial of hydroquinine in muscle cramps [6].
• Effect of hypertonic glucose on the muscular cramps of hemodialysis [7].
• Here we report on a 4-year-old girl presenting with myalgia and muscle cramps due to a caveolin-3 deficiency in her dystrophic skeletal muscle as a result of a heterozygous 136G-->A substitution in the caveolin-3 gene [8].
• Muscle cramp in Machado-Joseph disease: altered motor axonal excitability properties and mexiletine treatment [9].
• Pathological muscle cramps responded well to mexiletine treatment, and this is consistent with the hypothesis that they are caused by an increase in persistent Na(+) conductance, possibly associated with axonal regeneration or collateral sprouting [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Muscle Cramp

• The effect of hypertonic (50%) glucose injected for relief of hemodialysis-induced muscular cramps was studied in 15 chronically uremic, nondiabetic patients who experienced a total of 44 cramp episodes [7].
• We investigated the incidence and nature of muscle cramps in Machado-Joseph disease patients, the excitability properties of motor axons [strength-duration time constant (tau(SD)), threshold electrotonus, refractoriness and supernormality] using threshold tracking and the effects of mexiletine hydrochloride on those cramps [9].
• Low-dose prazosin in patients with muscle cramps during hemodialysis [10].
• Phenytoin sodium has been used to treat muscle cramps of diverse causes, and is known to increase insulin sensitivity during long-term use [11].
• A randomized controlled trial of quinidine in the treatment of cirrhotic patients with muscle cramps [12].

Biological context of Muscle Cramp

• Therapeutic administration of carnitine shows promise in treating selected groups of patients who have altered carnitine homeostasis, resulting in improved cardiac function, increased exercise capacity, reduced muscle cramps, and reduced intradialytic complications [13].

Anatomical context of Muscle Cramp

• It is concluded that n-hexane induced neuropathy has a good prognosis, and that spasticity due to damage to the central nervous system is functionally reversible; muscle cramps and dyschromatopsia persist much longer [14].
• We report the case of a 26-year-old man with acral tetany and muscular cramps of the upper limbs associated with hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism and celiac disease [15].

Gene context of Muscle Cramp

• In the present study we have identified and characterized the mutations underlying L-CPT I deficiency in six patients: five with classic symptoms of L-CPT I deficiency and one with symptoms that have not previously been associated with this disorder (muscle cramps and pain) [16].
• We have examined two Caucasian brothers with myoadenylate deaminase (AMPD) deficiency who presented with exercise intolerance and muscle cramps [17].
• Patients had fewer muscular cramps on HF than on HD (P<0.03) and required significantly less saline and plasma expander during HF than HD sessions [18].
• Muscle cramps were seen in 24 patients, multiple fractures in one, symmetrical distal neuropathy in 18, and carpal tunnel syndrome in 9 [19].
• Prevalence and characteristics of muscle cramps in patients with varicose veins [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Muscle Cramp

• BACKGROUND: Although quinine and hydroquinine are commonly prescribed for muscle cramps, controlled clinical trials of these drugs have reported mixed findings about efficacy [21].
• Quinine, diazepam (Valium) and phenytoin (Dilantin) may relieve muscle cramps, and orthoses may permit greater participation in daily activities [22].

References