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Chemical Compound Review

Dilantin     5,5-diphenylimidazolidine- 2,4-dione

Synonyms: Epanutin, Fenitoin, Hydantol, Antisacer, Difenin, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Difenin

 

Psychiatry related information on Difenin

  • The patient had serious psychiatric problems; the ventricular premature beats were provoked by psychophysiologic stress, increased during REM sleep, were reduced by meditation, and were controlled by beta-adrenergic blockade, phenytoin and digitalization [6].
  • The Reynell language development scores followed a similar trend, with children exposed to phenytoin scoring significantly lower than their controls [7].
  • Methadone-maintained volunteers experienced moderately severe opiate withdrawal symptoms within 3 or 4 days of beginning phenytoin in therapeutic doses [8].
  • Added improvement with phenytoin in scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression was seen in the patients with bipolar mania but not those with schizoaffective mania [9].
  • Comparison of KI values with mean brain levels of these drugs achieved during prevention of electroshock seizures indicates that diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine occupy 35% and 50%, respectively, of their receptor sites associated with sodium channels at mean therapeutic concentrations [10].
 

High impact information on Difenin

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Difenin

 

Biological context of Difenin

 

Anatomical context of Difenin

 

Associations of Difenin with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Difenin

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Difenin

References

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  7. Neurodevelopment of children exposed in utero to phenytoin and carbamazepine monotherapy. Scolnik, D., Nulman, I., Rovet, J., Gladstone, D., Czuchta, D., Gardner, H.A., Gladstone, R., Ashby, P., Weksberg, R., Einarson, T. JAMA (1994) [Pubmed]
  8. Phenytoin-induced methadone withdrawal. Tong, T.G., Pond, S.M., Kreek, M.J., Jaffery, N.F., Benowitz, N.L. Ann. Intern. Med. (1981) [Pubmed]
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  10. Inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium channels in neuroblastoma cells and synaptosomes by the anticonvulsant drugs diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine. Willow, M., Kuenzel, E.A., Catterall, W.A. Mol. Pharmacol. (1984) [Pubmed]
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  14. Lack of efficacy of phenytoin in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Epidermolysis Bullosa Study Group. Caldwell-Brown, D., Stern, R.S., Lin, A.N., Carter, D.M. N. Engl. J. Med. (1992) [Pubmed]
  15. A randomized, double-blind study of phenytoin for the prevention of post-traumatic seizures. Temkin, N.R., Dikmen, S.S., Wilensky, A.J., Keihm, J., Chabal, S., Winn, H.R. N. Engl. J. Med. (1990) [Pubmed]
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  22. Decreased serum protein binding of phenytoin in late pregnancy. Ruprah, M., Perucca, E., Richens, A. Lancet (1980) [Pubmed]
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  32. Human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase, a prototype of genetic polymorphism in oxidative drug metabolism. Purification and characterization of two similar forms involved in the reaction. Shimada, T., Misono, K.S., Guengerich, F.P. J. Biol. Chem. (1986) [Pubmed]
  33. Human constitutive androstane receptor mediates induction of CYP2B6 gene expression by phenytoin. Wang, H., Faucette, S., Moore, R., Sueyoshi, T., Negishi, M., LeCluyse, E. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
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  35. Ticlopidine inhibition of phenytoin metabolism mediated by potent inhibition of CYP2C19. Donahue, S.R., Flockhart, D.A., Abernethy, D.R., Ko, J.W. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. (1997) [Pubmed]
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