Disease relevance of Football

• An outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a rugby football team [1].
• A case of a T1-T2 disc prolapse as a result of rugby injury is described [2].
• Rugby injuries constitute an important area for research because rugby union is New Zealand's national sport and because of the considerable cost of all sports injury acknowledged by the Accident Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Corporation (ACC) [3].
• Twenty-five players contracted to an English Super League club had their pre- and postgame body weight and tympanic temperatures recorded during 10 games played during the official professional rugby league season, representing a total of 165 player appearances [4].

Psychiatry related information on Football

• A total of 803 (84%) players from 22 (88%) participating clubs provided details of rugby training, injuries sustained, and physical activity undertaken during the 16 week summer period (26 April to 16 August 1997) and their perceived fitness before the start of the season [5].

High impact information on Football

• Similarly, leg BMD was highest in rugby players, whose activities included both running and strength training [6].
• Creatine kinase BB isoenzyme in rugby football players [7].
• PURPOSE: To investigate effects of caffeine in a performance test simulating physical and skill demands of a rugby union game [8].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lipid and antioxidant profiles were evaluated in 15 well-trained rugby players and 15 sedentary controls [9].
• Moreover, only the fraction of intermediate and low density lipoproteins from rugby players presented higher alpha-tocopherol content in comparison with sedentary controls (484 +/- 67 vs. 377 +/- 123 microg dL(-1), respectively; P < 0.01) [9].

Biological context of Football

• The aim of this study was to test the effect of training and competition load on oxidative stress, antioxidant status, haematological, and cell damage markers in high-level rugby players during a competitive season [10].
• Skill-based conditioning games have been used to develop the skill and fitness of rugby league players, with mean heart rate and blood lactate responses during these activities almost identical to those obtained during competition [11].
• The aim of this study was to examine heart rate, blood lactate concentration and estimated energy expenditure during a competitive rugby league match [12].

Anatomical context of Football

• METHODS: LDL + VLDL conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as well as erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were analyzed in WW and TR groups before and after a rugby game [13].
• Accordingly we conclude that a further reduction in spinal cord injuries in adult and schoolboy rugby players in the Western Cape requires: (i) the elimination of injuries occurring in the ruck and maul, and to the tackler; (ii) the strict application of the high-tackle rule in adult rugby; and (iii) a continuing, high level of vigilance [14].

Associations of Football with chemical compounds

• In 1984 JR Silver reported on 63 patients who had sustained serious injuries of their cervical spine as a result of games of rugby between the years 1952 and 1982 [15].
• Our data also confirm that sweat lactate concentration is not influenced by circulatory blood lactate in rugby players [16].
• The object of this study was to get information on the duration of the recovery period by measuring changes of saliva cortisol [C], testosterone [T] and their ratio T/C in a group of international rugby players ( n=20) during the week following a rugby match (6 days) [17].
• CONCLUSIONS: Dextrose prolotherapy showed marked efficacy for chronic groin pain in this group of elite rugby and soccer athletes [18].
• Sweat lactate, ammonia, and urea in rugby players [16].

Gene context of Football

• Athletes who have MRSA skin infections include weight lifters and team members from competitive sports such as basketball, fencing, football, rugby, volleyball, and wrestling [19].
• A study of the prevalence of orofacial injuries and use of mouthguards by members of the 1984 Great Britain Rugby League Touring Team has previously been reported (Chapman, 1985a) [20].
• METHODS--44 male rugby players from the Cape Province, South Africa, who had previously suffered a hamstring injury were given the choice of wearing thermal warming pants or not, and were then monitored for the development of hamstring injuries during the 1992 season [21].
• We investigated the outcome of the conservative treatment from the point of athletic performance for rugby football players with an acute isolated PCL injury [22].
• Eleven (2.5%) athletes, competing in a range of sports including judo, skiing, cycling, triathlon, rugby and tennis, presented with a wall thickness >13 mm, commensurate with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Football

• DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal study encompassing the 1997 Super 12 rugby season [24].

References