Disease relevance of Longitudinal Studies

• This longitudinal study was designed to determine whether diet-induced obesity in mice produces resistance to peripheral and/or central leptin treatment [1].
• In a prospective longitudinal study of 50 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive women, blood samples were obtained at birth and at 4-9 weeks and 5-9 months of age, and were tested for HIV-1 by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), viral culture, and p24 antigen measurements [2].
• The reversibility of choline deficiency was examined in a longitudinal study of three phases involving 10 patients--5 with alcoholic cirrhosis (all on enteral formula); 5 noncirrhotic (1 on enteral and 4 on parenteral formula) [3].
• Detailed longitudinal studies of patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) may increase our understanding of the immunologic defects that contribute to the development of lymphoma and hypogammaglobulinemia in XLP [4].
• To address the possible relationship between the two cofactors (gastrin and salt) and whether H. pylori can also lead to gastric cancer in this model, we undertook a longitudinal study involving 86 INS-GAS mice [5].

Psychiatry related information on Longitudinal Studies

• Primary affective disorder, clinical state change, and MHPG excretion: a longitudinal study [6].
• The involvement of the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele in the progression of hippocampal atrophy has implications for therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer's disease and should be taken into consideration in longitudinal studies including clinical drug trials [7].
• DESIGN: Initial scores on the Visual Form Discrimination Test enrolled in longitudinal studies of dementia of the Alzheimer type and healthy aging [8].
• A prospective, longitudinal study with larger cohorts in newly diagnosed women with epilepsy or bipolar disorder is needed to definitively characterize the relationship between antiepileptic drugs and PCOS [9].
• Relationship between drug abuse and intimate partner violence: a longitudinal study among women receiving methadone [10].

High impact information on Longitudinal Studies

• Cross-sectional population surveys have shown that HDL cholesterol is inversely related to plasma triglycerides, yet to our knowledge no longitudinal studies have shown that a decrease in elevated triglycerides will raise depressed HDL levels [11].
• Few longitudinal studies have examined cocaine-exposed infants, however, and findings are contradictory because of methodologic limitations [12].
• Longitudinal study will determine if glucose metabolic measures provide a means to monitor experimental treatment responses during the early phases of the disorder [13].
• Long-term longitudinal studies are needed to determine the role of these two types of RFs in the pathogenesis of RA [14].
• Cases and controls were taken from the longitudinal study of health in the Pima Indian population [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Longitudinal Studies

• Fasting serum sulfate levels before and after development of osteoarthritis in participants of the veterans administration normative aging longitudinal study do not differ from levels in participants in whom osteoarthritis did not develop [16].
• A multi-centre longitudinal study comparing the sensitivity of monthly MRI after standard and triple dose gadolinium-DTPA for monitoring disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Implications for phase II clinical trials [17].
• Placebo-controlled longitudinal studies comparing the effectiveness of repaglinide and insulin on glucose metabolic control as well as overall nutrition and body weight are needed to help determine optimal medical treatment of CFRD [18].
• Estrogen-replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease in the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging [19].
• To examine adrenal maturation and associated changes in growth without the confounding effects of changes in the gonadal steroid milieu, we performed a longitudinal study in 14 young girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty during long-term pituitary-gonadal suppression [20].

Biological context of Longitudinal Studies

• Long-term relation between breastfeeding and development of atopy and asthma in children and young adults: a longitudinal study [21].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of dietary intake of fat and cholesterol and of sexual maturation and body mass index (BMI) on LDL-C were examined in a 3-year longitudinal study of 663 boys and girls (age 8 to 10 years at baseline) with elevated LDL-C levels [22].
• To measure hand bone mineral content (BMC) by dual x-ray absorptiometry and to seek clinical correlates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in a prospective, longitudinal study [23].
• Ambulatory blood pressure in the transition from normo- to microalbuminuria. A longitudinal study in IDDM patients [24].
• Preterm birth and later insulin resistance: effects of birth weight and postnatal growth in a population based longitudinal study from birth into adult life Insulin resistance 19 years after preterm birth [25].

Anatomical context of Longitudinal Studies

• DATA SELECTION: Cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies, and meta-analyses that had appropriate control groups (patients matched for age, sex, and menopausal status), made comparisons with established databases, or defined thyroid state by TSH level or thyroid hormone dose were reviewed [26].
• MR-based HCV measurement and HCT2 mapping, therefore, give complementary information in the presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy and longitudinal studies [27].
• The studies reported here are the first to correlate RT-PCR results for CEA mRNA in blood cells with one or more serum markers for patients with different stages of colorectal cancer, and are the first long-term longitudinal studies to use RT-PCR to detect CEA mRNA in blood cells of cancer patients [28].
• A 12 month longitudinal study has been performed on 118 subjects following first-ever stroke to determine changes in central motor conduction time (CMCT) to upper limb muscles [29].
• A longitudinal study of lymphocytic infiltration in the endocrine pancreas of non-obese diabetic mice was performed to investigate the role of different lymphocyte subsets in the pathogenesis of diabetes [30].

Associations of Longitudinal Studies with chemical compounds

• A longitudinal study was conducted in Sierra Leone to measure the impact of a single dose anthelminthic (400 mg albendazole) and daily iron-folate supplements (36 g iron and 5 mg folate) on haemoglobin (HG) concentration during pregnancy [31].
• Evidence from randomized, controlled trials and from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies shows that estrogen-replacement therapy preferentially protects against a decline in verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women and decreases the risk of AD [32].
• A longitudinal study of workers involved in the manufacture of trimellitic anhydride has been in progress since 1977 [33].
• We report similar findings in longitudinal studies of female Safari cats and demonstrate that the excessive skewing that develops with aging results from a third mechanism that has no pathologic consequence, hemizygous selection [34].
• Longitudinal studies of three patients who received long term busulfan treatment did not show a significant change in the frequency of induced SCE [35].

Gene context of Longitudinal Studies

• We have not observed VHL syndrome-associated tumors in polycythemic subjects or their heterozygous relatives; however, this will need to be evaluated by longitudinal studies [36].
• In this longitudinal study, we examined changes in the CDKN2A gene locus in sequential epithelial dysplasias and oral carcinomas from 11 patients [37].
• PURPOSE: To determine the predictive value of urinary levels of two angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), in a longitudinal study to determine their correlation with 1-year progression-free survival in patients with cancer [38].
• We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study to determine whether abnormalities in immunohistochemical staining for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, or cyclin D1 occur before the development of laryngeal carcinoma [39].
• We observed a significant association (P = 0.01) between a functional C > T (Ala > Val) transition within exon 2 of the CTSD gene that increases the secretion of pro-CTSD from the cell, and the AH4-1 score at initial testing on entry to the longitudinal study [40].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Longitudinal Studies

• The findings of this longitudinal study, showing that work characteristics profoundly alter the probability of work loss among persons with RA, are consistent with the findings of our earlier cross-sectional studies of work outcome and RA [41].
• Documenting damage progression in a two-year longitudinal study of rheumatoid arthritis patients with established disease (the DAMAGE study cohort): is there an advantage in the use of magnetic resonance imaging as compared with plain radiography [42]?
• A longitudinal study of circulating autoantibodies in the sera of 48 BB rats was performed by indirect immunofluorescence [43].
• We used polyethylene glycol to identify low avidity antibodies and the standard Farr assay to detect high avidity antibodies against double-stranded DNA in a longitudinal study of sera from 19 patients with SLE [44].
• Therefore, a prospective, randomized, longitudinal study was performed that compared glucose metabolism in adult kidney allograft recipients on tacrolimus versus cyclosporine-based immunosuppression [45].

References