Disease relevance of Mikimopine

• We discovered that the origin of cT-DNA in the genome of wild-type Nicotiana glauca is the T-DNA of the mikimopine-type Ri plasmid (pRi) harbored in Agrobacterium rhizogenes [1].
• NgMisR protein expressed in Escherichia coli has preserved Mis activity, which converts l-histidine and alpha-ketoglutaric acid to mikimopine [1].
• Recurrent outbreaks of root mat in cucumber and tomato are associated with a monomorphic, cucumopine, Ri-plasmid harboured by various Alphaproteobacteria [2].

High impact information on Mikimopine

• To understand the general structure of these oncogenic T-DNA transfer plasmids, the whole nucleotide sequence of a mikimopine-type Ri plasmid, pRi1724, was analyzed [3].
• By using sequencing and Northern analysis, we examined the metabolic pathway and gene expression of mikimopine, which is probably an Ri-specific opine [3].
• Root-inducing region of mikimopine type Ri plasmid pRi1724 [4].
• By determination of the nucleotide sequence adjacent to the right border of T-DNA of the mikimopine-type Ri plasmid (pRi1724) in Agrobacterium rhizogenes, a new open reading frame (ORF) encoding 318 amino acids was found [5].
• Putative individual transformed hairy roots were identified by cucumopine analysis and were screened for transgene incorporation using polymerase chain reaction [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mikimopine

• The octopine/cucumopine (o/c) Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium vitis carry two T regions, TA and TB [7].
• Here we show the presence of a virF locus not only on the Agrobacterium vitis octopine/cucumopine plasmids pTiAg57 and pTiTm4, but also on the nopaline Ti plasmids pTiAT1, pTiAT66a, and pTiAT66b [8].

Biological context of Mikimopine

• The mis homolog was also found in the genome of three other Nicotiana species: N. tomentosa, N. tomentosiformis, and N. tabacum; however, the site of insertion differed from that in N. glauca, suggesting that A. rhizogenes harboring mikimopine-type pRi independently infected the ancestors of some Nicotiana plants [1].
• Several constructs in which different lengths of pRi8196 right-border region were linked to the cucumopine synthesis gene on an Agrobacterium-Escherichia coli shuttle vector were made [9].
• Two other octopine/cucumopine strains carry an IS870 copy on their chromosome (IS870.3) [10].
• The ubiquitous grapevine-associated octopine/cucumopine Ti plasmids of biotype III Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains carry two T regions, TA and TB, with a complex oncogene arrangement [11].
• The coding region of trolC is similar in sequence (69-87% for DNA and 54-89% for the deduced amino acid sequence) to rolC genes of the agropine, mannopine, and mikimopine strains of Ri-plasmids and the N. glauca rolC homologue [12].

Associations of Mikimopine with other chemical compounds

• Several regions of the 157 kb Ti plasmid are similar or identical to parts of the A. vitis octopine/cucumopine (o/c)-type Ti plasmids, and other regions are homologous to the nopaline-type Ti plasmid pTiC58 [13].

Gene context of Mikimopine

• PCR-RFLP analysis of the T-DNA and virD2 regions showed sequence homology between all cucumopine pRi, indicating that these pRi are monomorphic, and thus this pRi remained in the UK without inducing symptoms for some 15 years between outbreaks in the 1970s and 1990s [2].
• Cucumopine pRi were also shown to possess the virE2 substitute GALLS gene by Southern blotting [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mikimopine

• Fifteen root mat-associated (RMA) cucumopine pRi were analysed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and Southern blotting [2].

References