Disease relevance of mannopine

• We have made a chimeric construct, pSN002, containing the cDNA for rabbit liver cytochrome P-450 (IIC14) under the control of the TR2' promoter for mannopine synthase in the Agrobacterium Ti plasmid [1].
• Characteristics of a strong promoter from figwort mosaic virus: comparison with the analogous 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus and the regulated mannopine synthase promoter [2].
• The characteristics of mannopine and mannopinic acid utilization by Agrobacterium tumefaciens B6S3, Arthrobacter sp. strain MBA209, and Pseudomonas putida NA513 were studied [3].
• Expression of ags from the lac promoter conferred mannopine-lactonizing activity on Escherichia coli [4].
• Inoculation of carrot-root discs with A. tumefaciens strains carrying the mannopine Ri-plasmid orf13 and torf13-1 regulated by the strong cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter induced the formation of dense green callus on the disc surface [5].

High impact information on mannopine

• Agrobacterium rhizogenes pRi8196 T-DNA: mapping and DNA sequence of functions involved in mannopine synthesis and hairy root differentiation [6].
• This gene is located in an operon coding for a mannopine transport system and is expressed as part of the mannityl opine regulon [7].
• Tissue-specific and wound-inducible pattern of expression of the mannopine synthase promoter is determined by the interaction between positive and negative cis-regulatory elements [8].
• In transgenic tobacco plants the regulatory region of the Agrobacterium genes involved in mannopine synthesis (pmas) directs expression in vascular tissues and is induced upon wounding [8].
• Two cosmid clones of pAtC58 allowed UIA5, a plasmid-free derivative of C58, harboring pSa-C that expresses MocC (mannopine [MOP] oxidoreductase that oxidizes MOP to DFG), to grow by using MOP as the sole carbon source [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of mannopine

• pYDH208, a cosmid clone from the octopine-mannityl opine-type tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid pTi15955 confers utilization of mannopine (MOP) and agropine (AGR) on Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain NT1 [10].
• Diauxic growth was observed upon incubation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens 15955 on a mixture of succinate and mannopine as the carbon source [11].

Biological context of mannopine

• This paper presents the map and DNA sequence analysis of pRi8196 transferred DNA (T-DNA) genes encoding root-inducing and mannopine synthesis functions [6].
• A Ti plasmid-encoded enzyme required for degradation of mannopine is functionally homologous to the T-region-encoded enzyme required for synthesis of this opine in crown gall tumors [12].
• Forty-five individually transformed clonal tobacco callus lines were simultaneously assayed for both chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activity resulting from expression of introduced reporter genes driven by the adjacent and divergent mannopine (mas) promoters [13].
• A clone conferring the ability to utilize mannopine on a recipient pseudomonad was selected from a genomic library from both the mutant LM136 and its parent strain [14].
• Effects of sub-cellular compartments on E1 production and its stability were determined in transgenic tobacco plants carrying one of six transgene expression vectors, where the E1 was under the control of Mac promoter, mannopine synthase transcription terminator, and one of the five transit peptides [15].

Anatomical context of mannopine

• Multiple ocs-like elements required for efficient transcription of the mannopine synthase gene of T-DNA in maize protoplasts [16].
• A gene encoding the cholera toxin B subunit protein (CTB), fused to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (SEKDEL) was inserted adjacent to the bi-directional mannopine synthase P2 promoter in a plant expression vector containing a bacterial luciferase AB fusion gene (luxF) linked to the P1 promoter [17].

Associations of mannopine with other chemical compounds

• The concentration of nopaline utilizers decreased, upon replacement of the transgenic plants, to a level similar to that of normal plants, while the concentration of mannopine utilizers decreased to levels intermediate between transgenic and normal plants [18].
• Paper electrophoresis revealed that bacteria-free hairy roots of P. phaseoloides could synthesize agropine and mannopine [19].

Gene context of mannopine

• The second, mocD dissimilates DFG formed in the pathway for catabolism of mannopine (MOP) a non-Amadori, imine-type member of the mannityl opine family characteristic of certain Ti and Ri plasmids [20].
• A 479-bp bi-directional promoter controls the expression of two genes (mas1' and mas2') that encode enzymes for the synthesis of the opine mannopine in plant tissues infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens [21].
• The reductase activity of this enzyme is precisely the reaction ascribed to its T-region-encoded homolog, Mas1, which is responsible for biosynthesis of mannopine in crown gall tumors [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of mannopine

• Quantification of gallerimycin mRNA in transgenic tobacco by real-time PCR confirmed transgenic expression under control of the inducible mannopine synthase promoter [22].
• High-voltage paper electrophoresis (HVPE) analysis demonstrated the production of mannopine in hairy roots and confirmed the successful transfer of Ri T-DNA (root-inducing transferred DNA) of A. rhizogenes into the I. indigotica genome [23].

References