Disease relevance of styrene

• In this study, 3-vinylpyridine and its isomers 2- and 4-vinylpyridine as well as styrene (vinylbenzene) were bioassayed for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100 and for their genotoxicity in the rat hepatocyte DNA-repair test [1].
• Electron microscopic observations of two implanted absorbable clips, Absolok and Lactomer, infected with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis, were carried out [2].

High impact information on styrene

• Styrene (CAS No. 100-42-5) is an important industrial chemical for which positive results have been reported in in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays [3].
• The knots studied: Tayside, Roeder, Melzer (modified Roeder), Cross square, and Blood knots were tied with the following materials: silk, polyamide, Dacron, polydioxanone (PDS), and lactomer (Polysorb) [4].
• The nipples were further stabilized with metal and absorbable (Polysorb) staples and Marlex collars [5].
• Experience with Lactomer absorbable surgical staples (Auto Suture Poly CS 57 disposable surgical stapler) in 62 cesarean sections was compared with an equal number of operations performed with standard techniques [6].
• Bundles of tibia tendon from 19 week-old turkeys were deep frozen, freeze dried and embedded in styrol methacrylate or Epon [7].

Biological context of styrene

• Anti-tumor promoter chemopreventive agents, such as green tea components, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethylene ester, that either up-regulate GJIC in stem cells or prevent the down regulation of GJIC by tumor promoters in early progenitor cells, will be provided [8].
• HTR-polymer alone or combined with membraneous mineralized autogeneic bone chips showed a more rapid early bone regeneration than the groups containing lactomer beads, resorbable gel and controls [9].

Anatomical context of styrene

• CONCLUSIONS: The clinical results clearly demonstrated that the application of absorbable lactomer staples for closure of the transected margin of the pancreas is a safe alternative to the standard closure technique [10].
• Cytoenzymochemical investigations were performed on the leukocytes and platelets from 2,782 workers occupationally exposed to benzene, vinyl chloride or carbon disulphide, in view of detecting the eventual occurrence of cytologic metabolic disorders induced by these chemical substances [11].
• Except for Monocryl, all sutures, especially Polysorb and Vicryl, lost tensile strength much faster in bile, jejunal and pancreatic juices than in the corresponding buffers [12].

Associations of styrene with other chemical compounds

• RESULTS: Polysorb had the highest linear tensile strength but also the fastest loss of function following tissue implantation, whereas Vicryl showed the slowest loss of function [13].
• Howiinol A (GHM-10) is a kind of phenylethylene pyrone compounds isolated from Goniothalamus howii [14].
• These particles were first swollen by a low molecular mass organic agent (i.e. dibutylphthalate, DBP) and then by a monomer mixture including styrene (S), 4-vinylphenyl boronic acid (VPBA) and divinylbenzene (DVB) [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of styrene

• Using scanning electron microscopy, the degradation characteristics of two absorbable ligating clips, Absolok (polydioxanone) and Lactomer (poly-L-lactide-co-30%-glycolide) have been studied under in vivo and in vitro conditions [16].
• The locking mechanism strengths of the absorbable Absolok and Lactomer ligating clips and the absorbable Lactomer staple have been determined following implantation in an animal model [17].
• The incidence of granulations at the vaginal vault at six weeks was significantly reduced (p = 0.001) and return to activity (p = 0.02) and work (p = 0.01) were also significantly reduced for the patients who had a hysterectomy performed using Polysorb staples [18].
• CONCLUSION: Based on the overall bursting pressure and failure mode, #2 braided lactomer loop suture placed in a continuous pattern should provide sufficient security for closure of the equine linea alba during recovery and the immediate postoperative period [19].

References