Disease relevance of cro

• The DNA sequence of part of the bacteriophage P22 early regulatory region, including genes cro and c1, was determined [1].
• The amino acid sequence of the Salmonella phage P2 repressor and the DNA sequence of its gene c2 have been determined [2].
• The carboxyl-terminal 133 amino acids of the c2 repressor are homologous to the carboxyl-terminal sequence of the coliphage lambda cI repressor [2].
• We have analyzed the sequence-specific interaction between the Escherichia coli tryptophan (Trp) repressor and its operator using challenge phage vectors [3].
• The beta inhibitor causing exclusion was produced during the prophage state and appeared to be distinct from immune repressor [4].

High impact information on cro

• The Mnt repressor of Salmonella phage P22 recognizes a 17 base pair operator [5].
• The Arc repressor, which is involved in the switch between lysis and lysogeny of Salmonella bacteriophage P22, does not belong to any of the known classes of DNA-binding proteins [6].
• Active transcription from Pant interferes with full-length transcription from Psar; several factors that interfere with Pant initiation (e.g., Pant down-mutation, Mnt repressor protein, Arc repressor protein) result in indirect activation of sar RNA synthesis [7].
• Protein stability effects of a complete set of alanine substitutions in Arc repressor [8].
• Scanning mutagenesis of the Arc repressor as a functional probe of operator recognition [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of cro

• The equilibrium stabilities of a complete set of single alanine-substitution mutants of the Arc repressor of bacteriophage P22 have been determined by thermal and urea denaturation experiments [8].

Biological context of cro

• Induced cells bearing the cro-expressing plasmid were used as a source for purifying and characterizing the Cro protein [1].
• Cro protein binds specifically to the three repressor binding sites in the P22 right operator; in order of decreasing affinity, these are OR3, OR1, and OR2 [1].
• The Arc repressor of bacteriophage P22 is a DNA binding protein that does not belong to any of the known classes of such proteins [10].
• The kinetics of unfolding and refolding have been measured for a set of Arc repressor mutants bearing single amino acid substitutions at 44 of the 53 residue positions [11].
• The N-terminal part of Mnt (residues 1-44), which shows a 40% sequence homology with the Arc repressor, has a similar secondary and tertiary structure [12].

Anatomical context of cro

• The ability of the bacteriophage 434 operator/repressor system to function in a eukaryotic cell has been explored [13].

Associations of cro with chemical compounds

• Purified NH2-terminal fragments, like intact repressor, bind specifically to P22 operator DNA and also mediate positive and negative control of transcription [14].
• Trp14, the only one tryptophan of Arc repressor monomers, serves as a very sensitive tool for changes of the hydrophobic core of the protein [15].
• The presence of bioavailable arabinose triggered the production of P22 excisionase and integrase from the reporter plasmid pAraLHB in JL1157, and this led to excision of the cI repressor gene, which is flanked by att sites, and the subsequent irreversible expression of gfp in the original cell and in its progeny [16].
• The kinetics of its synthesis, as monitored by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is the same as with P22 c+, namely a turn off 8-10 min after infection. - After infection of P22-lysogenic bacteria with either P22 24- k5 or P22 24- k5 c1, much lower amounts of repressor are synthesized but again with the same kinetics [17].

Physical interactions of cro

• Determination of the nuclear magnetic resonance structure of the DNA-binding domain of the P22 c2 repressor (1 to 76) in solution and comparison with the DNA-binding domain of the 434 repressor [18].

Other interactions of cro

• Primary structure of the phage P22 repressor and its gene c2 [2].
• The protein product of the cro gene consists of 61 amino acid residues, and that of c1, 92 amino acid residues [1].
• The arc and mnt genes of bacteriophage P22 encode small repressor proteins [19].
• Establishment mode repressor synthesis blunts phage P22 antirepressor activity [20].
• 2. The transactivation by P22 of the lysozyme gene of prophage L takes place in the presence of L repressor [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cro

• Crystallization of the Arc repressor [22].
• The equilibrium unfolding reaction of Arc repressor, a dimeric DNA binding protein encoded by bacteriophage P22, can be monitored by fluorescence or circular dichroism changes [23].

References