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FARSA  -  phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, alpha subunit

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: CML33, FARS, FARSL, FARSLA, FRSA, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of FARSA

  • In addition, expression of CML33 in myeloid leukemia cells was sensitive to the stage of the cell cycle and to induction of differentiation [1].
  • Human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli [2].
  • The crystal structure of the ternary complex of (alphabeta)(2) heterotetrameric phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) from Thermus thermophilus with cognate tRNA(Phe) and a nonhydrolyzable phenylalanyl-adenylate analogue (PheOH-AMP) has been determined at 3.1 A resolution [3].
  • Among other mechanisms of toxicity, it has been suggested that OA inhibits phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS), thereby reducing protein synthesis [4].
  • Of 369 registered dentists in Fars province in Iran, 309 (83.7%) responded to a survey regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [5].
 

High impact information on FARSA

  • First, the mutations of Leu-202, Ser-211, Asp-234, and Thr-236 made the PheRS incorrectly hydrolyze the cognate Phe-tRNA(Phe), indicating that these residues participate in the Tyr hydroxy group recognition and are responsible for discrimination against Phe [6].
  • Our data suggest that the idiosyncratic feature of PheRS, which aminoacylates the 2'-OH group of the terminal ribose, is dictated by the system-specific topology of the CCA end-binding site [3].
  • Our results indicate that while OA may be capable of weakly inhibiting PheRS, the OA-PheRS complex cannot adopt the same conformation as does FAMP-PheRS, contrary to previous assumptions [4].
  • This, in turn, suggests that the previously observed antagonistic effects of aspartame and piroxicam are more likely due to their prevention of OA binding to human serum albumin than to PheRS, which is in agreement with binding studies as well as with preliminary simulations performed in our laboratory [4].
  • The polymorphism of the HLA class II genes DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 was investigated in 100 unrelated Iranian individuals from Fars province in Southern Iran, using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method [7].
 

Biological context of FARSA

  • Unlike the catalytic alpha-subunit, the beta-subunit of heterodimeric (alphabeta)2 phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) has no invariant functional amino acids directly involved in the aminoacylation process as it is evident from the crystal structure of the T. thermophilus enzyme complexed with tRNAPhe [8].
  • Rural domestic water consumption behavior: A case study in Ramjerd area, Fars province, I.R. Iran [9].
  • This study was conducted to determine the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, cardiac involvements and laboratory findings of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Fars Province, Iran from January 1991 to December 2002 [10].
  • Sex ratio at birth in dairy herds in Fars province, southern Iran [11].
  • Generally, the size of genome and number of genes are increased during evolution from bacteria to eukaryote, but the interesting thing is that the type and number of PheRS domains in eukaryote are obviously less than those in bacteria [12].
 

Associations of FARSA with chemical compounds

  • Using the crystal structure of PheRS from Thermusthermophilus, we have modeled its interactions with OA as well as with phenylalanyl adenylate (FAMP), the high-affinity intermediate substrate of PheRS [4].
  • The functional roles of phenylalanine and ATP in productive binding of the tRNA(Phe) acceptor end have been studied by photoaffinity labeling (cross-linking) of T. thermophilus phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) with tRNA(Phe) analogs containing the s(4)U residue in different positions of the 3'-terminal single-stranded sequence [13].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of FARSA

  • Expression of the gene (designated CML33) was directly confirmed by Northern blot hybridization to be substantially enhanced in the tumorigenic cells compared with the nontumorigenic variant [1].
  • First, measurements of FRSA and ARSA were performed from data obtained during a graded and maximal exercise test [14].
  • Epidemiologic study of oral cancer in Fars Province, Iran [15].
  • In order to prove the association of opium addiction and cancer of the bladder, an extensive prospective case-control study with urine cytology in all registered opium addicts of Fars province in southern Iran was started in 1975 [16].
  • METHODS: A prospective two-center study of children involved in severe car crashes in Canada was conducted as well as a retrospective cohort study of children involved in crashes reported in the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and the National Automotive Sampling System: Crashworthiness Data System (NASS CDS) [17].

References

  1. Expression of a gene encoding a tRNA synthetase-like protein is enhanced in tumorigenic human myeloid leukemia cells and is cell cycle stage- and differentiation-dependent. Sen, S., Zhou, H., Ripmaster, T., Hittelman, W.N., Schimmel, P., White, R.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1997) [Pubmed]
  2. Cloning and expression of human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase in Escherichia coli: comparative study of purified recombinant enzymes. Moor, N., Linshiz, G., Safro, M. Protein Expr. Purif. (2002) [Pubmed]
  3. The crystal structure of the ternary complex of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with tRNAPhe and a phenylalanyl-adenylate analogue reveals a conformational switch of the CCA end. Moor, N., Kotik-Kogan, O., Tworowski, D., Sukhanova, M., Safro, M. Biochemistry (2006) [Pubmed]
  4. Ochratoxin binding to phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: computational approach to the mechanism of ochratoxicosis and its antagonism. McMasters, D.R., Vedani, A. J. Med. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  5. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Iranian Dentists with Regard to HIV-Related Disease. Askarian, M., Mirzaei, K., Cookson, B. Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America (2007) [Pubmed]
  6. Structural and mutational studies of the amino acid-editing domain from archaeal/eukaryal phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Sasaki, H.M., Sekine, S., Sengoku, T., Fukunaga, R., Hattori, M., Utsunomiya, Y., Kuroishi, C., Kuramitsu, S., Shirouzu, M., Yokoyama, S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2006) [Pubmed]
  7. Human leukocyte antigen class II allele frequencies and haplotype association in Iranian normal population. Amirzargar, A., Mytilineos, J., Farjadian, S., Doroudchi, M., Scherer, S., Opelz, G., Ghaderi, A. Hum. Immunol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  8. Human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: cloning, characterization of the deduced amino acid sequences in terms of the structural domains and coordinately regulated expression of the alpha and beta subunits in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Rodova, M., Ankilova, V., Safro, M.G. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1999) [Pubmed]
  9. Rural domestic water consumption behavior: A case study in Ramjerd area, Fars province, I.R. Iran. Keshavarzi, A.R., Sharifzadeh, M., Kamgar Haghighi, A.A., Amin, S., Keshtkar, S.h., Bamdad, A. Water Res. (2006) [Pubmed]
  10. The experience with 113 patients with Kawasaki disease in Fars Province, Iran. Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Borzoee, M., Amoozgar, H. Turk. J. Pediatr. (2006) [Pubmed]
  11. Sex ratio at birth in dairy herds in Fars province, southern Iran. Ansari-Lari, M. Tropical animal health and production (2006) [Pubmed]
  12. Evolution of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase by domain losing. Lin, J., Huang, J.F. Sheng Wu Hua Xue Yu Sheng Wu Wu Li Xue Bao (2003) [Pubmed]
  13. Role of low-molecular-weight substrates in functional binding of the tRNAPhe acceptor end by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Vasil'eva, I.A., Bogachev, V.S., Favre, A., Lavrik, O.I., Moor, N.A. Biochemistry Mosc. (2004) [Pubmed]
  14. Influences of breathing patterns on respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans during exercise. Blain, G., Meste, O., Bermon, S. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  15. Epidemiologic study of oral cancer in Fars Province, Iran. Fahmy, M.S., Sadeghi, A., Behmard, S. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. (1983) [Pubmed]
  16. Positive association of opium addiction and cancer of the bladder. Results of urine cytology in 3,500 opium addicts. Behmard, S., Sadeghi, A., Mohareri, M.R., Kadivar, R. Acta Cytol. (1981) [Pubmed]
  17. Children in side-impact motor vehicle crashes: seating positions and injury mechanisms. Howard, A., Rothman, L., McKeag, A.M., Pazmino-Canizares, J., Monk, B., Comeau, J.L., Mills, D., Blazeski, S., Hale, I., German, A. The Journal of trauma. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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