Disease relevance of STK38L

• Here we show that the NDR1 and NDR2 kinases were incorporated into HIV-1 particles [1].

High impact information on STK38L

• In vitro, MST3 selectively phosphorylated Thr442 of NDR2, resulting in a 10-fold stimulation of NDR activity [2].
• NDR1/NDR2 protein kinase is activated by phosphorylation on the activation loop phosphorylation site Ser281/Ser282 and the hydrophobic motif phosphorylation site Thr444/Thr442 [2].
• As in the mouse homologue, threonine 75 in NDR2 was required for interaction with S100B, and binding was in a calcium ion- and phospholipase C-gamma-dependent manner [3].
• During IGF-1 signaling, phosphorylation at three residues (threonine 75, serine 282, and threonine 442) was also found to be required for NDR2 activation [3].
• We describe the cloning and characterization of the human and mouse NDR2, a second mammalian isoform of NDR protein kinase [4].

Biological context of STK38L

• NDR2 is potently activated in cells following treatment with the protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor okadaic acid, which also results in phosphorylation on the activation segment residue Ser-282 and the hydrophobic motif residue Thr-442 [4].
• Since several virion-incorporated kinases regulate the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we speculated that the human NDR1 and NDR2 kinases might play a role in the HIV-1 life cycle [1].

Anatomical context of STK38L

• However, they differ in expression pattern; mouse Ndr1 is expressed mainly in spleen, lung and thymus, whereas mouse Ndr2 shows highest expression in the gastrointestinal tract [4].
• NDR2 is expressed in most human tissues with the highest expression in the thymus [5].
• Thus, to identify proteins that interact with NDR1 or NDR2, epitope-tagged kinases were immunoprecipitated from Jurkat T-cells [5].
• In accordance with its zebrafish orthologue, Spaw is expressed as the first asymmetric marker in the left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and Ndr2 displays asymmetric expression domains in the brain and the LPM [6].

Associations of STK38L with chemical compounds

• We also found that PDK-1 plays an important role in NDR2 activation especially in the phosphorylation of threonine 442 [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of STK38L

• Based on sequence analysis and in accordance to zebrafish orthologues we named the isolated genes Ndr1, Ndr2 and Spaw [6].

References